u/Akshat_ki_mausi

The gravitational force is based on mathematical model where mass is the fundamental idea. The electromagnetic model considers the charge as the fundamental idea. Both are symmetric in some sense but is there any interesting discourse which tells us that why Force(in general) has a component m, which is mass, and gravitational force also has a component mass. Is there something similar in Electromagnetism, which relates the electromagnetic force to fundamental idea of force? The title is kind of stupid, I didn't know what to put.

How did Newton integrated Normal force in his work? It is not intuitive at all. We have a explanation of Normal force due to Electromagnetism and atomic view of matter. But how did Newton thought of Normal force or other macroscopic electrostatic forces? How did he get the intuition that even a static system(Earth and a ball) have constant forces canceling each other out.

Let's take inverse square proportionality, how come both both electrostatic and gravitational force are proportional to the inverse of area of a square which has a side length equal to the separation between points? Square is a man made construct, why does universe nicely adhere to inverse square law? I don't believe I communicated well enough, I might add more in comments.