What if the Universe unfolded sequentially, from 0d to 3d? What if it unfolds into 4d upon exceeding the Planck energy threshold?
There is a 0D dimensionality. It is a certain proto-photon. It is in a state of absolute fullness—a state in which all variants of all variants are present. Therefore, there is no deficit of anything, and consequently, there is no reason for changes, movement, or a drive toward any other state.
What happened? External intervention? Accumulation of internal complexity? The launch of time? That is a good question.
But in any case, this event leads to the disruption of the proto-photon. The previously absolutely full particle, which was the proto-photon, now exists in the form of two halves striving to reunite. This is because the main property of fullness is the striving to become full again.
This is where the speed of light is born. Yet, it is merely a consequence of any particle's unyielding drive toward fullness. And this is the very first, foundational impulse toward which every incomplete particle strives.
The pressure of both halves of the proto-photon toward the rupture point for reunification stretches space. This stretch occurs simultaneously in two directions from this point, aligning into a straight line. Within this line, each of the two halves is stretched, becoming something else, encoding its original part through a long variant. Each of them, from its respective side, completely fills space because it is precisely this half that pulls space with its pressure. One-dimensional space is tensioned until the longitudinal tension becomes critically insurmountable, but the drive toward fullness is insurmountable to the same degree. This marks the beginning of the unfolding of 1D into 2D. The half-particle stretches the line in width, further and wider, attempting to reach the "Zero" point via a shorter path. In doing so, it ruptures within the line multiple times because 1D confinement can no longer retain it. The proto-photon, already ruptured into two parts and stretched into a line, is ripped by the 2D space itself. Now, to reassemble into a whole, the second rupture must first be overcome. This is how the second force in the Universe is born, which we detect as the electric charge (+) and (-).
Multiple ruptures, two forces: the first drive toward fullness and the second drive toward fullness. This entire churning mass of quarters begins to attract and repel. Some are locked down, unable to move; chaos reigns. However, at a certain moment, the pressure toward the "Zero" point and into that very same line begins to rise. A new critical accumulation of pressure leads to the inevitable: space begins to rupture once more. 2D unfolds into 3D. All particles rupture and stretch again because the 2D confinement has become brittle. A new force of the drive toward fullness emerges—"color" charges or the gluon bond, which is difficult to break. Yet, when the pressure becomes critical once again, space will advance further. It will unfold into 4D, and the gluon bond will grow weaker. However, a new bond will be born there—one that is unbreakable for its own dimensionality.
There will be a new chaos and new reunifications. Restored photons and certain particles will combine and dissociate. This lies in the future—distant or not. Perhaps this will happen when the Planck scale is finally surpassed. But for now, we have a different reality: the 3D world. And this space is stretching right now. After all, fullness has changed too much. Its particles are already countless.
The process of expansion into a new dimensionality alternates between slowing down, coming to a halt, and advancing faster. Perhaps the contours are changing not only for 3D, but for other degrees of dimensionality.
The end...
This is the thought experiment I conducted.
In truth, it was transformed and refined in the process of studying particles, their properties, structure, and interactions. At the very beginning, the "Sequential Discontinuity Model" looked different. Even now, I do not insist on this exact variant, but I believe that this is APPROXIMATELY how it could have happened. And all of this is because the forces in the Universe possess precisely this hierarchy. However, in this process, certain unclear areas still remain for me that warrant further investigation.
However, I continue.
At a certain stage of reasoning, I attempted to find some trace of 2D in the Universe. I searched for what the projections of the Cosmic Microwave Background might look like if compressed into a plane. I imagined what would happen if one could find such a projection of all matter in the Universe, where it would settle into a near-perfectly flat plane. I examined the patterns of dark matter accumulation... And entirely by chance, I stumbled upon the "Axis of Evil," discovered at the beginning of the 21st century. As a result, it seems to me that it may testify to the fact that 3D unfolded precisely from 2D. That is, our Universe was born sequentially. It grew more complex gradually.
References
On the "Axis of Evil":
1. de Oliveira-Costa, A., Tegmark, M., Zaldarriaga, M. and Hamilton, A., 2004. Significance of the largest scale CMB fluctuations in WMAP. Physical Review D, 69(6), p. 063516. [arXiv:astro-ph/0307282].
2. Efstathiou, G., 2004. "Myths and truths concerning estimation of power spectra" Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 348(3), pp. 885-896 [arXiv:astro-ph/0307515].
3. Land, K. and Magueijo, J., 2005. The axis of evil. Physical Review Letters, 95(7), p. 071301. [arXiv:astro-ph/0502237].
4. Planck Collaboration, 2014. Planck 2013 results. XXIII. Isotropy and statistics of the CMB. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 571, p. A23. [arXiv:1303.5083].
On unbreakable connections in different dimensionalities:
1. Schwinger, J. (1962). Gauge Invariance and Mass. II. Physical Review, 128(5), 2425–2429. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.128.2425
2. Seiberg, N., & Witten, E. (1994). Electric-magnetic duality, monopole condensation, and confinement in N=2 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. Nuclear Physics B, 426(1), 19-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(94)90124-4
What does this mean?
It means that inside the "Axis of Evil" or some other axis, perhaps there exists a "Line of Good," which in turn may contain that very same "Zero"...
So, what do we have for now?
In 3D, these are no longer proto-photons, but our "modern" photons. Exactly 2 types. Right and left. Although, in reality, I believe there could be 4 of them.
I hypothesized that there is another parameter by which photons differ. That they can be divided in some other way. From my point of view, this can be reflected in their internal structure. That is, each of them consists of at least two parts, and their difference is something like 1-2-right and 2-1-right, 1-2-left and 2-1-left. That is, a certain recombination of two within one. I also believe that inside photons, there is a single directionality of the constituent parts. Since the photon has no mass.
Photons are particles that lack 1D fullness because they fly at the speed of light and possess an electromagnetic field. However, they already possess 3D fullness and 2D fullness, meaning their electric and color charges are full. It is also possible that, in principle, they have remained undamaged since their very birth inside a star. Therefore, it cannot be said that their charges are compensated. However, I believe this is a complex question that has yet to be answered. After all, according to the "Sequential Discontinuity Model," not all photons were born in stars. I believe that stellar systems process the diversity of particles and energies into fragments required by galaxy-systems and the Universe-system, and also mass-produce the particles needed by these structures.
They literally govern the oceans of proto-photon fragments—attracting them, ejecting them, spinning them, and changing them beyond recognition, while mass-producing dark energy and dark matter.
Besides photons, we have other particles that, to one degree or another, have overcome ruptures or are a direct consequence of them. These include quarks, electrons, neutrinos, protons, neutrons, antiparticles... atoms, and so on.
And we also have dark matter and dark energy. In my view, dark particles are full or semi-full particles. Exactly which ones remains unclear, as it is not yet clear whether the reverse collapse of the Universe into lower dimensionalities is possible if fullness is restored for every particle. Or can the unfolding process not be reversed due to accumulated complexity? One thing is certain: fullness is the primary driving force in the Universe.
As a conclusion to this introduction, the fullness-particle is the full variant. The proto-photon is the invariant of our world. And all matter within it is built literally from broken proto-photons, which means—from light.
Conclusions:
1) There were at least three sequential ruptures, from 0D to 3D.
2) Space continues to unfold.
3) Each new rupture generates a drive toward unification that is insurmountable for its own dimensionality. The previous force is overcome, but it does not disappear.
4) The "Axis of Evil" may serve as proof of the Universe's unfolding from 2D.
5) Almost all elementary particles known today possess a structure—a certain composition.
6) All matter in the Universe consists literally of products woven from proto-photon fragments.
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