Which most closest people to europeans ( both north and south) outside of Europe.1) levant 2) anatolian 3) cauacasian 4) central asians 5)gulf arab& north Africans 6) south asians
Why some nuristani can look like cauacasus people despite genetically distinct from the cauacasus people?
DNA of mountain Sogdic Tajiks from Sintab (Uzbekistan) 🇺🇿 Sintab is a Tajik village in the Nurata District of the Navoiy Region, Uzbekistan.The village is located 30 km south of Lake Aydarkul, in the Nuratau Mountains.
The residents of Sintab are divided into 10 clans Two of those tested belong to the same clan, but from different sub-clans (#Rakhmon and #Bozorov); it is reliably known that they lack a common ancestor within 10 generations. The test showed that they share a common paternal origin, but it is not yet known when their common ancestor lived due to the absence of deep sequencing.
Results from the village of Sintab:
* Solekhi Clan:
* Rakhmon – R1a-FT31626 – sub-clan Kuri Bobo
* Bozorov – R1a-Z2124 – sub-clan Mashkobi
* Khofizi Clan:
* Shodmonov – R1b-M343
* Bokigi Clan:
* Dadaev – R1b-M343
* Tamuri Clan:
* Nazarov – L1b-M317
* Aeni Clan:
* Abdulgani – L1a-M357
Two residents of neighboring villages were also tested, who according to legend are descended from settlers from Sintab:
* Rakhmonov – R1b-Y4364 – Soiyi Khurd village * Khamraev – R1b-Y65452 – Ustuk village
Autosomally, all tested individuals turned out to be related to each other from the 2nd to 5th–6th degree of kinship.All samples are included in the Sintab autosomal cluster. The autosomal test results show high similarity among the autosomal profiles of all tested individuals.
The test of Khamraev stands out from the general picture: he has a higher percentage of the BMAC component and less East Asian influence.
The autosomal profile of the Sintab cluster shows closeness to the Tajiks of Tajikistan. Under conditions of mountain isolation, the population of Sintab and nearby villages preserved an autosomal profile similar to that of the Tajiks of the central regions of Tajikistan, despite lacking contact or communication with the main population body.
🗡️ Paternal Line Origins:
Paternal lineage origin shows a predominance of haplogroups R1a/R1b — associated with the Indo-European Sintashta/Yamnaya cultures. These are followed by lines L1a/L1b — associated with local pre-Indo-European cultures (Jeitun, BMAC).
🗡️ Bronze Age Breakdown:
* 40.8% BMAC * 39.4% Andronovo (Aryan) * 20.0% East Asia / Siberia
Did pamiri genetically closer to finns than some mainland greeks? I thought all europeans genetically similar to each other's than outsiders
Why there is so much phenotype overlap between dagestani and many tajiks and pamiries?
Appearance: according to the anthropological reconstruction of the anthropologist E.V. Veselovskaya Reconstruction author: O.M. Grigoriev. Artist: Tretyakova A.A. , Reference for Hair style: coins of Kangju rulers, supported by adnaxap.github.io
Language:
Nicholas Sims-Williams decoded a series of Sogdian inscriptions found in archaeological site of Arys (Kultobe, Kazakhstan), which provide additional historical information about the Kangju, aligning with existing Chinese records. Additionally, A. N. Podushkin's discoveries of fragmentary Sogdian inscriptions at Kultobe offered insights into the early development of the Sogdian script and language. In 2025 New Fragments of Kangju were discovered in Kultobe and the nearby Kylyshzhar burials.
Genetics:
In 2021, a study revealed that the genetic makeup of the Kangju people is primarily linked to the Sarmatians, accounting for 90% of their ancestry, while the remaining 10% can be attributed to the BMAC heritage.
Golden Saka prince: First Genome Revealed! For the first time ever, scientists have extracted and analyzed the complete genome of the legendary "Golden Man" (Sample ID: GOM001), the iconic 16-to-18-year-old Iranic Saka warrior discovered in 1969 inside the royal Issyk kurgan in Kazakhstan. The same Archaeological site where the Issyk inscription was found.
Published in a groundbreaking 2026 study in Science Advances, paleogeneticists used state-of-the-art ancient DNA sequencing to settle decades of debates surrounding his identity, biological sex, and the secretive dynamics of the nomadic elites who ruled the Iron Age Eurasian Steppe.
The Official Ancestry Results for GOM001
Using qpAdm genetic modeling, scientists mapped out the precise genetic blueprint of the Golden Man, revealing a three-way ancestral split:
≈ 55.9% Western Steppe Ancestry Derived from Bronze Age European-steppe populations like the Sintashta and Srubnaya cultures.
≈ 29.7% BMAC-Related Ancestry Derived from the Bactria-Margiana Archaeological Complex (ancient southern Central Asia, Iran, and the Caucasus). The Golden Man carries a much higher percentage of this southern civilization's DNA than ordinary, non-elite nomads of the era.
≈ 14.4% Eastern Steppe Ancestry Derived from East Asian-related Siberian lineages, specifically the Late Bronze Age Khovsgol and Ulaanzuukh populations of Mongolia.
Key Discoveries:
Hereditary Dynasties: The study found that elite Scythian families engaged in consanguineous (close-relative) unions to keep power exclusive. By matching DNA across different burial grounds, researchers uncovered grandparent-grandchild relationships, proving for the first time that these nomads maintained strict, hereditary royal bloodlines.
Genetic Sex Confirmed: While his young age and skeletal damage previously made physical sex identification difficult, high-fidelity chromosomal testing definitively proved he was genetically male (with an XY posterior probability of 0.993).
The Royal Mix: His genetic profile shows a highly specific ancestral signature that separated the ruling class from ordinary citizens, shifting significantly toward the great ancient civilizations of the south.
References Ghalichi, A., Khussainova, E., Iksan, O., Musralina, L., Kitov, E. P., Samashev, Z., Beisenov, A., Djansugurova, L., Childebayeva, A., & Krause, J. (2026). Ancient DNA reveals elite dynastic rule among Iron Age Eurasian Steppe nomads. Science Advances, 12(14), eaef0108.
How much % of greek or central asian admixture does levantines have especially north levantine christians and muslims(Lebanon & syria)
The Darra-i-Kur Sample
Discovered in 1972, the Darr-i-Kus sample represents the fossil remains of a Midlle Bronze Age individual that was a member of a mobile cattle-herding pastoralist community that used the Darr-i-Kur caves located in Badakhshan, Afghanistan, as seasonal shelter.
The community is assumed to have a tribal structure without much hierarchy or social stratification.
The statistically closed population to it are Pashtuns and Pamiris.