
PSA :: “We want to buy land and build” - here are the parts of construction and finance you need to know
TL;DR: Building usually isn’t one giant loan that magically appears on Day 1. You’re generally buying land first, then progressively drawing down the construction loan over time as the house gets built. The repayments usually start smaller, then slowly increase during the build. Most of the stress comes from timing, cashflow and all the little costs people don’t think about upfront.
I've seen a surge in interest in 'new' because of the proposed tax changes, a lot of which is about house and land. So, this is for the first home buyers (and honestly plenty of upgraders or investors too) that haven't done construction finance before.
The biggest thing to understand is that you’re usually doing TWO separate things. You're buying land, then building a house afterwards under a separate construction contract. Even if the builder markets it nicely as a “house and land package”.
So let’s use rough numbers:
- Land = $360k
- Build contract = $400k
- Total package = $760k
- Loan amount = $684k (90% LVR).
- First assumption = no LMI.
- Yes. I know there would be LMI normally for a 90% loan... but I'm just trying to make the maths easy for the sake of education.
- Second assumption = buying in QLD.
Here’s the bit people don’t realise: the bank does NOT show up to land settlement with the full $684k. The lender usually holds the build funds back for later construction stages.
So at land settlement, maybe only ~$284k of the bank’s money is actually being used toward the land purchase itself, while the future construction funds remain undrawn in the background waiting for the build to happen. This means...
You need to be prepared to pay your ENTIRE shortfall at land settlement. In this case, that's something like $92k if you're buying in QLD and you're NOT a first home buyer.
Example summary of the costs involved to purchase and settle.
With construction:-
- You settle the land first (some people pay the build deposit up front with cash, but make sure this doesn't screw with your shortfall at land settlement)
- Build deposit of 5%
- Slab of 10%
- Frame of 15%
- Lockup of 35%
- Fixing of 25%
- Practical Complation of 10%
Here's how the process works:-
- Builder sends invoice.
- You sign off.
- Bank releases that stage payment.
- Some payments require an inspection - depends on the bank and the state you're building in.
- That cycle just repeats itself for months. Usually 3-6 months in most of Australia, aside from WA which in my experience takes closer to 9-12 months.
And this is why repayments during construction usually start smaller and gradually increase as more of the loan gets drawn down. It's usually interest-only, to ease the cashflow burden... then becomes principal & interest at a certain point - usually a timeframe after land settlement or after you move into the home.
Example of how loan repayments become larger, over time, as the build progresses.
By practical completion, the loan is mostly or fully drawn and the repayments start looking much more like a “normal” mortgage.
I think this is where some people accidentally get themselves into trouble.
Because they qualify comfortably at the START of the process, but don’t mentally prepare for what things look like 8-12 months later when:
- repayments grow as more of the loan is drawn on
- rates may have changed (increase), if you're on variable
- rent is still being paid on your current property
- site costs blew out
- variations got added
- construction got delayed
And unfortunately… delays aren’t exactly rare these days.
Another thing people don’t always realise is that building can sometimes reduce upfront stamp duty compared to buying established, because in many states the duty is mostly being assessed on the LAND purchase first, not the future unbuilt house.
Specific bit for first home buyers - because you can get benefits
Depending on state policies and price caps, there can sometimes also be:
- stamp duty concessions (complete waivers, if not significant discounts)
- grants (e.g. $30k in QLD if buying under $750k, $15k in SA)
- other incentives for building new homes (e.g. if in future you're thinking it might become an investment, you're might be considering the future negative gearing eligibility)
If you combine a lot of benefits (e.g. discounted, or no, stamp duty + a construction grant) you might be in a position to save a significant amount compared to established.
But personally, I always think people should treat grants as “nice money later”, not “money we absolutely need at settlement so we can do this thing". Because timing matters, and grants don’t always arrive when people expect them to. They can be applied at land settlement, sure, but they can also land at slab, or way later in construction.
One thing I'd recommend considering, if you have the borrowing power, is a proper turnkey contracts. Because people MASSIVELY underestimate how much stuff still exists outside the basic build contract. Things like:
- fencing
- landscaping
- driveway
- blinds
- aircon
- retaining walls
People get to completion thinking “Awesome, the house is done" and then suddenly realise they still need another $60k+ just to make the place fully functional and liveable. That took long enough to prepare to buy the house - how long is it now going to take to save for it?
A proper turnkey build can reduce a lot of that stress because more of those items are included upfront inside the original contract and loan structure from Day 1. Yes, the total contract price can look a bit higher initially and you may not want to pay interest on it - but sometimes that’s actually safer from a cashflow perspective than scrambling for extra money later after your savings buffer already got chewed up during construction.
One other thing worth mentioning quickly: valuations can occasionally become messy with builds too. Construction costs move around (usually up) and valuers sometimes see things differently and don't think the market's changed that much. Also, the builder might hit you with a price increase if it's been a long time (>3 months) since they gave you a quote.
So buffers matter more with builds than people realise, especially if you're buying off the plan and you're waiting many months before land registration is expected to occur.