Airflow in sheets really comes down to how tight or open the weave is. I’ve gone through a lot of sets, and you can feel the difference right away once you know what to look for.
Percale is the easiest example. It’s a simple over under pattern, so there’s more space between threads. Air moves through it pretty easily, which is why it feels cool and crisp. If you sleep hot, this one usually feels the most breathable.
Sateen is kind of the opposite. The threads sit closer together and more of them stay on the surface. That blocks airflow a bit, so heat gets trapped more. It feels smoother and warmer, not as airy.
Then you’ve got stuff like linen or loose cotton weaves. These are more open and a bit uneven, so air passes through even better than percale sometimes. They can feel rough at first but super breathable once broken in.
Thread count also plays into this. Higher thread count usually means tighter fabric, which can reduce airflow even if the weave is breathable on paper.
So yeah, airflow isn’t magic. It’s just how much space the weave leaves for air to move through, plus how tightly everything is packed together.