u/Necessary_Lab_9775

I just got a Catalina 22 and am a first time sailboat owner and haven’t sailed before. What are these parts on my Catalina 22?

The blue circle shows the line with a block towards the aft end of the boom. I don’t think it’s the outhaul, but I could be wrong. If it’s not one, I need to figure out how to add an outhaul.
The white circle is a line that connects to the gooseneck. It is tied to this line circled in blue, but is its own line. No idea what its purpose is.
And then not sure what the parts circled in red are for.

I hoisted my mainsail for the first time on my recently purchased Catalina 22. I have never sailed before so excuse my ignorance. Why doesn’t my mainsail reach the very end of my boom?

In the picture, it shows the clew end being about 1.5 feet short of end of the boom, where I assumed it connected to the shackle on the end of the boom. I took off the boom and mainsail for now, but when they are raised and the mainsail is fully hoisted they still can’t reach.

Does the outhaul just connect to the end to keep it tight? I don’t think that the clew end of the mainsail can be pulled back far enough to reach the end of the boom. I also don’t have a shackle on the outhaul anywhere. Is that necessary? Or can it just be attached to the clew with a knot? I’m very new to this…

Anyone know what this piece is circled in white? I think it may either be for a spinnaker or anchor but not entirely sure. I was attaching my forestay shroud to it, and it ended up bending the piece downwards (Newbie mistake…), I bent it back up with my hand. I’m assuming that I should have been attaching my forestay shroud to the piece circled in orange. Does it matter what hole I attach the forestay to for the orange circled piece?