Rule: Move from left to right. Ask: "Does this value fit into the remainder?"

• Fits → write 1, subtract
• Doesn't fit → write 0, move on

Example: 192

128 ≥ 192? ✅ → 1 → remainder = 64
 64 ≥  64? ✅ → 1 → remainder = 0
 32 ≥   0? ❌ → 0
 16 ≥   0? ❌ → 0
  8 ≥   0? ❌ → 0
  4 ≥   0? ❌ → 0
  2 ≥   0? ❌ → 0
  1 ≥   0? ❌ → 0

Result: 1100 0000

Value Range of an Octet

State	Binary	Decimal
Minimum	0000 0000	0
Maximum	1111 1111	255