Normal FISH results after high risk T21 NIPT
Hi everyone! I (26 YOF) am currently 17 weeks pregnant my second baby boy and wanted to ask if anyone here has seen a similar circumstance to mine. My first boy is 12 months old and completely healthy.
My NIPT LabCorp blood draw was at 10 weeks 2 days pregnant and the fetal fraction was 20%. PPV 66%. The results were flagged as abnormal for T21 (Down Syndrome) but it was considered a “low-mosaic” pattern, so they believe it may be confined placental mosaicism or I had vanishing twin syndrome. Or my baby could have low mosaic T21 which comprises roughly 1-2% of all babies diagnosed with T21.
The genetic counselor told me that the cut off for LabCorp even flagging this as a high risk is 19% of the cells showing an extra copy of chromosome 21. And my sample had 22% of the cells affected. That’s why she suspected this result may not truly represent fetal mosaicism and may be resulting from some other source.
At 13 weeks I had an early anatomy ultrasound with no soft markers for T21. At 16 weeks I had another ultrasound revealing an echogenic bowel, but it was otherwise a normal ultrasound with no other soft markers.
I had an amniocentesis at 16 weeks. FISH results came back completely normal. All 50/50 cells tested were negative for anomalies of chromosome X, Y, 13, 18, and 21. I’m still waiting the karyotype and microarray results.
Unfortunately, the hospital messaged me saying they had enough fetal DNA in the amnio sample to run the FISH and karyotype, but not the uncultured SNP microarray. They said for the microarray, the cells would need to be cultured but that could potentially skew the results in the case of mosaicism. They also told me it’s going to add 4-6 weeks to the results timeline which is frustrating.
Has anyone seen FISH results be completely normal for T21 but ended up having a low level mosaic result in the karyotype or microarray? My genetic counselor said it’s uncommon but not unheard of for this to happen after a normal FISH. Anyone know the stats on that?