Traditional blades of some Austronesian ethnic groups
Aside from languages, there's also a huge amount of diversity among Austronesians when it comes to traditional blades, many of which serve multiple purposes.
Majority serves both utilitarian and combat roles, like the sansibar of Waray people and mandau of Dayaks. A few others have been elevated to ceremonial use, like the keris of Javanese and the kefilan of T'boli.
In the northernmost parts of Austronesian realm, open scabbards are the preferred design, like those of the Ifugao, Kalinga and Atayal while southwards towards the Malay Archipelago closed scabbards are preferred.
Wood is the primary material for scabbards, often from the local trees. In some blade cultures in Luzon, carabao leather is utilized instead. Ceremonial blades like Maranao gunong and sundang occasionally have heavily ornamented scabbards made of metal.
Wood is also the most common material for hilts, but carabao horn is preferred in some parts of Luzon. In Mindanao and Malay Archipelago, ivory was used occasionally. Like the scabbards, metal can also be used for ceremonial hilts. Unlike the rest of Austronesian hilts, Ifugao and Atayal knives feature socket hilts which are then often wrapped with rattan weavings.