The 'Pattanams' of South Asia
Cities in India ending in -pattinam, -patnam and -pattana were not just ports; they were centres of culture and civilisational change, where different communities came together. These cities also played a significant role in shaping the history of medieval India, leading to the development of colonial settlements.
Source:
Kulke, H., Kesavapany, K. & Sakhuja, V. (2009). Nagapattinam to Suvarnadwipa: Reflections on the Chola Naval Expeditions to Southeast Asia. ISEAS Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1355/9789812309389
Nilakanta Sastri, K.A. The Cōḷas. University of Madras. https://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.4293
Maharashtra State Gazetteer (History): Silaharas of Western India. https://gazetteers.maharashtra.gov.in/cultural.maharashtra.gov.in/english/gazetteer/History%20Part/chapter_8.pdf
Pilar Seminary Museum. The Kadambas of Goa. https://pilarmuseum.org/the-kadambas-of-goa/
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