u/skalyou

So based on the information currently available, this would not be a recreational dive by any standard — it would effectively be a full technical decompression cave dive.

A cave penetration beginning around 55 m, extending roughly 150 m in length, with the divers ultimately found around 60 m inside the cave, already places the dive far beyond the limits of recreational training and equipment configuration.

To conduct a dive like this safely, you would normally require doubles or a CCR simply to carry enough gas for the bottom phase, the decompression obligation, and adequate emergency reserves. Additional stage cylinders with dedicated decompression gases would also typically be required. We are potentially talking about a 2–3 hour dive involving extensive planning, contingency procedures, and staged deco/hang tanks in case of a gas emergency.

And that is before considering the cave environment itself.

Technical cave diving at these depths requires guidelines, cookies, redundant lights, specialized cave equipment, and — most importantly — advanced cave and decompression training with substantial real-world experience. Not basic cavern training or recreational overhead-environment exposure, but full technical cave certification and proper operational discipline.

If the reports are accurate that the divers were using rental recreational equipment, single AL80 cylinders, and air, it becomes extremely difficult to understand how this dive could have been considered feasible from a gas-planning perspective alone.

At 60 m, the NDL is only a matter of few minutes (~5 to 8). Even an immediate turn at depth would still result in a significant controlled ascent (13 min according to UTD recreational Ascent Profile), and the rock bottom requirement for two divers sharing gas at that depth is already above 200 bar. The Gas needed for one diver to descend to 60m, stay at depth for 5 min and return the dive would be close to 160-200 bars (based on 20-25 sac rate and a 13 min controlled ascent) excluding any sort of emergency or problem solving.

A single AL80 simply does not provide enough gas to safely descend to 55–60 m, stay the NDL and ascend.

Let alone penetrate a cave, and return while maintaining an adequate reserve for a gas-sharing emergency. Even without an emergency and without the cave penetration; the available gas margin would be extraordinarily small once depth, stress, elevated SAC rates, ascent time, and potential decompression (in case of NDL breach) are factored in. And we don’t even account for the inadequacy of Air as a Gas for any depth below 30m and the narcosis consequences  

From a diving standpoint, the reported configuration and profile are fundamentally incompatible with accepted safety margins for this type of dive.

I sincerely hope there is additional information or another explanation, because otherwise this scenario makes very little sense from a any standard of diving: recreational, cave-diving and decompression-diving.
I can’t comprehend any of it !!!!