Why Newton's 3rd Law is Incomplete
Newton's 3rd Law is one of the first things you learn in physics. But what if it's not actually a law it's a consequence of something much deeper?
In this video we derive Newton's 3rd Law from scratch using momentum conservation, then ask the question nobody asks in school: where does momentum conservation even come from?
The answer takes us to Emmy Noether's theorem one of the most profound results in all of physics and reveals that every conservation law you've ever learned is secretly a symmetry of the universe in disguise.
But here's the thing. Noether's theorem is only as strong as the symmetries it assumes. And the universe doesn't always cooperate.
What we cover:
Deriving Newton's 3rd Law from momentum conservation
Why momentum is conserved the real reason
Noether's theorem: symmetry to conservation law
Translational, rotational and time translation symmetry
Why Newton's 1st Law and Noether's theorem have the exact same problem
Where time translation symmetry actually breaks and what that means for energy conservation globally
This is the rabbit hole behind the law your textbook treats as obvious.