r/dendrology

Northern, VA, USA
Pretty and prosperous

Wondering what type of leaf this is and what could cause such an unusual marking on it.

Recently saw two different molds (?) growing on a tree in my parent’s yard, one flat against the bark and the other sticking out as pictured. It’s not been doing well this year anyway so I suspect it’s dying, but these are new growths. Any ideas? Thanks in advance for any help!