Highlights

• Specific cognitive abilities (SCA) are 56% heritable, similar to g.
• Some SCA are significantly more heritable than others, 39% to 64%.
• Independent of g (‘SCA.g’), SCA remain substantially heritable (∼50%).
• SCA do not show the dramatic developmental increase in heritability seen for g.
• Genomic research on SCA.g is needed to create profiles of strengths and weaknesses.