The arabic script was not unique to the quran. It actually started in the merchant documents and rock carvings of the Nabataean traders which evolved from aramaic.
The tradition of hanging text on the Kaaba didn't start with the Quran. The documentary explains the Mu'allaqat. The winners of pre-Islamic poetic competitions at the Suk Ukaz fair had their poems written in gold on expensive cloth and hung on the Kaaba walls. The prestige of the "sacred word" on the Kaaba was already a deep-seated cultural institution.
The Hajj and Umrah weren't new inventions. They were centuries-old annual pan-Arab gatherings. The Sacred Months were a clever pre-Islamic social contract that forbade tribal warfare so people could travel to Mecca to trade and settle disputes. Muhammad recognized the utility of this "neutral ground" and integrated it into the new faith.
The video shows that the name Allah was already present in the Kaaba as a supreme deity among 360 other idols. Even more interesting is Rahman. In southern Himyarite (Yemen), they were already moving toward monotheism by worshipping a supreme god named Rahman (The All-Merciful). Muhammad adopted these familiar names (christian and jews also used this name to refer to god).
In the war of elephant quran described it as Ababil birds dropped stones of baked clay on the army, turning them into devoured straw. But in reality it was sudden, catastrophic outbreak of smallpox or measles. Which align perfectly, because to an ancient witness, the hard, dark pustules of smallpox erupting on the skin would look like the skin had been struck by hot stones. As the virus ravaged the soldier’s bodies, they would appear withered or devoured. It was also a massive PR win for mecca. It convinced the surrounding tribes that the Kaaba was truly a sacred sanctuary protected by a higher power, which ironically helped the Quraysh consolidate the very religious monopoly that Muhammad would later challenge and then take over.
With the Byzantine and Sassanid empires exhausted by plague and a 26-year war, there was a power vacuum. Muhammad realized that as long as Arabs were divided by bloodlines, they’d be "buffer states" for foreign kings. By replacing "Tribal Loyalty" with "Religious Loyalty," he created a unified political force that the old empires couldn't co-opt or bribe.
TLDR: Muhammad took existing scripts, existing pilgrimage routes, existing gods, and existing social laws, and fused them and became a really powerful dictator.