


Lefke and Gurrah - who were they?
There's an almost throwaway line in the scene between Larry Belmont and Ross O'Donald where Belmont says he thought Dewey had quashed the unions and O'Donald brings up "Lefke, Gurrah and the whole garment trucking fiasco." The following is all relevant and related to this, I swear. So:
Lefke was the nickname of Louis Buchalter, who rant extortion/protection rackets in the garment district, among many other things. Lefke famously ran an outfit called Murder Inc. where he kept hitmen on retainer and hired them out for a fee to do contract killings. He's also famous for being the only mob boss who was ever executed in the electric chair, but this didn't happen until 1944, so during SMT Lefke would have been alive but incarcerated. Read more about Lefke here:
https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/biography/louis-buchalter
Anyway, Lefke would have been the main spider in this web, while Gurrah was his second-in-command. Borm Jacob Shapiro, but nicknamed "Gurrah" because of people he tried to steal from shouting "Gurrah ("Get out") Jacob" afrer him when he was a teenager. Unlike Lefke, Gurrah was given 15 years to life and died in prison following a heart attack. You can read a contemporary newspaper article about his trial here:
With the garment district, what those two did was fiendishly clever. They had their people infiltrate the labour unions *and* factory management, which means they could manipulate both sides and create conflict, and famously either threaten huge strikers or actually carry them out. The outcome of this was, as I understand it, that they forced the factory owners to pay them huge sums of protection money to stop the workers from striking.
Now, the Dewey that Larry Belmont refers to was Thomas Dewey, who led the various court cases against them as well as investigating and catching their fellow mob boss Lucky Luciano, whom they had been known to collaborate with. Dewey got Luciano sent to prison, but the catch is that during World War II, the government ended up asking him to use his still-existing connections to the mob to stop the dock workers in New York from striking! Which he did, in exchange for a commuted sentence. So that's another taste of what's to come for the unionized dock workers and their management whom we met in Part One.
You can read about Lucky Luciano here:
https://themobmuseum.org/notable\_names/lucky-luciano/
And about Thomas Dewey here:
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Thomas-E-Dewey
But in 1939, the unions would be feeling almost invincible. They were free of their mob infiltrators, and only two years earlier, in 1937, workers in the car factories in Flint, Michigan used sit-down strikes inside the factories to force General Motors to recognize their union, the United Auto Workers.
Now, I am wondering if George Cohen, the union boss who hires the Mist through his henchman Happy, might not be based on Lefke. It's the way he wants to keep the Mist/Johnathan Smythe "on the books" as it were, as someone they can call on for a spot of inconspicuous sabotage that reminds me of Murder Inc. And could Happy be a kind of stand-in for Lucky Luciano, who was known to work with Lefke and Gurrah - though never as a henchman/subordinates as Luciano was an extremely high ranking mob boss in his own right. Or maybe he's a kind of conglomerate character, performing Gurrah's function but with a name that was inspired by Luciano?
I would love to know if anyone here has thoughts on this! And if you're an expert on 1930's unions, we would especially love your input here! Same goes if you're a mafia buff!
Note on the pictures: Lefke is on the second set of pictures (mug shots) in the carousel, and Gurrah in on the third.