How do MariaDB users securely and efficiently encrypt mariadb-backup archives?
Hello everyone!
I’m looking for practical recommendations from people running MariaDB in production.
My backup process will use mariadb-backup with zstd compression, and I want to encrypt the resulting backup securely without adding (too much) excessive CPU, memory, or operational overhead.
I’ve considered GPG/PGP, but I’m concerned about its performance and complexity. I’ve also seen age recommended, although I’m unsure whether it provides an appropriate security level for long-term MariaDB backups.
What encryption method or workflow do you use for MariaDB backups?
In particular, I’d appreciate feedback on:
- Encryption tools and algorithms you use.
- Whether encryption happens before or after compression.
- CPU and performance impact on large backups.
- Key management, rotation, and recovery procedures.
- Whether you encrypt locally, stream directly to object storage, or use storage-side encryption (which unfortunately is not available to my usecase).
- Any practical issues with restoring backups during an outage.
I’m mainly interested in real-world experience rather than theoretical recommendations.