Impression Management vs. Hawthorne Effect vs. Social Desirability Bias
Can someone clarify if I nailed the difference down?
Hawthorne Effect is when behavior changes just out of awareness that you are being watched/observed
Impression Management is when you want to appear like something specific to people, so you work on how you are going to appear in the back stage, then in the front stage you act as that trait or whatever
Social Desirability Bias is the tendency to give socially acceptable answers instead of what you really believe when filling out surveys/questionnaires:
Social Facilitation is when the presence of others improves your performance on easy/well rehearsed tasks but damages it on hard/unfamiliar tasks
Demand Characteristics is when a participant in a study picks up on cues about what the experiment is actually testing or what result the researcher is hoping for, and then changes their behavior to match (or sometimes deliberately contradict) that perceived hypothesis
and an example to demonstrate each one:
- Hawthorne: "I noticed these fine ass girls looking at me and I found myself smiling more, standing taller, speaking with a deeper voice, and walking slower without really planning it"
- Impression Management: "I'm going on a date with this fine ass girl tomorrow, so I'm going to dress really nice and wear my linen pants and some fresh ass cologne so she thinks I'm sexy"
- Social Desirability Bias: "this survey I'm filling out just asked me for my opinion on fat people, I don't really like fat people, but I don't want to get cancelled or seen as rude, so I'm gonna write that I think they are nice and cool"
- Social Facilitation: "Bro I'm just amazing at basketball, I've been playing it for my whole life, and when a crowd watches me, I dribble even better and score more 3s. However, I'm not the best at Football, and when people watch me play, I tend to miss more shots."
- Demand Characteristics: "I'm participating in a study and all these questions the researcher is making me answer are about how stressed I feel after drinking coffee, I feel like the researcher is testing if caffeine causes stress, I'm gonna rate my stress higher now because I think that's what he wants to see"
Thanks in advance :)