u/treesess

including direct printed benchies (vcp voron r11), and cast benchies from FDM molds. All are cement-based.

hope you like them~

found this video when deleting old files. it was made for someone saved my life, and was presented to her via smartphone with the actual blooming hoya cluster as a gift.

hope you like this sharing. thanks.

previously, 270% size cement-based benchy was printed. now with smaller nozzle (1.5 mm) i wanna try 140% one. darn, it's definitely cursed...

i fought... hope you like it~

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music: The Delgados, I Fought the Angels

fan-made, non-commercial, for tribute only.

contact for removal if needed.

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the machine project (vcp voron) is open-sourced at github.com/treesess/desktop3dpc

License GPL3.0 following beloved VORON, Klipper and all.

i m becoming a muddy queen (just kidding).

shot too many videos, don't know where to start editing so, here are some clips covering the new features:

• pigment efflorescence and
• layerless smoothness (partially achieved)

with the intro of concepts "wet print" and "dry print" (IMO), then following the last print: a giant vase printed in 4 hrs 42 mins.

• "wet print" means previous layer(s) are still wet, thus can be re-vibrated for fusion.
• "dry print" means previous layer(s) are dry enough, thus cannot be re-vibrated.

something else to mention:

• motion system is VORON2.4 300 mm build with a separate/independent bed.
• firmware is Klipper
• slicer is Orca Slicer.
• two 4260 motors on the toolhead, one for making pulse vibration and noise (sad) and the other for driving stirrer and feed screw.
• hotend and heater bed are both on.
• slurry mix design can be really simple.
• if you want better print consistency, add concrete Slump Retention Agent (similar to plasticizer)
• if you want no shrinkage cracks, add U-type Expansive Agent (UEA).
• if you want more, add silica fume, fly ash, GGBS, etc.
• if you want color, add color! oh i mean pigment, i only tried iron black, iron blue and iron red so far.
• still testing the stability of current version r10.1 with larger barrel but the last version r9.3 uploaded to GitHub is stable.

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i really wish to see you print cement paste tgt! this project is fully open to you. it's just always not enough time to document everything.

you may also find this video on utube: https://youtu.be/iTwKgCn6qvI

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THIS PROJECT IS OPEN-SOURCED, SAME AS BEFORE AT https://github.com/treesess/desktop3dpc GPL3.0 FOLLOWING VORON AND KLIPPER AND ORCA SLICER.

Martha

22 May 2026

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Special Thanks

• Dr Natalie Sin kept saving my life.
• VORON and Klipper and all the related great opensource projects.

vibration cementitious printing (vcp). Desktop scale 3d printing of cement-based/non-Newtonian materials (e.g., cement paste, mortar, concrete) using a pulse vibration unit to induce slurry thixotropy, delivering superior flow performance.

New feature unlocked: smooth surface with visible but (almost) non-tactile layer lines.

i call it "wet print" if the previous layer(s) is still pretty wet when the current layer is laying on it. as i observed, there is "dry print" too. maybe i explain it later.

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This machine is a mod of VORON2.4 with a separate/independent bed and electronic compartment on the rear.

This toolhead (vcp voron r9.3) has run stably for days of tests. I believe it's a checkpoint. The 60 mm VORON cube (with no bar) in the video basically reached my expectations. Will test more of course. maybe pressure advance first.

basics of this print:

• layer height: 1 mm
• line width: 3 mm
• time cost: ONLY 39 mins
• weight: 306.12 grams (dry)

what we have on this toolhead:

• pulse vibration module
• feed screw module with stirrer
• hotend
• 3 mm nozzle (1.5 mm also tried and worked)
• PG13.5 umbilical cable mount
• (optional) LED COB light bar

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mix design:

• OPC 52.5 (Ordinary Portland Cement): 250 grams
• water: 97 grams (water/binder ratio 0.39)
• silica powder (600 mesh): 25 grams
• UEA expansive agent: 2 grams (should use a bit more)
• polycarboxylate slump retention agent: 5 drops per 500 mL water (sorry i m not professional here, i meant to buy plastisizer, but this worked anyway. )

basically it's just cement, water, plasticizer (yes i let go of PFA for now). but adding the UEA expansive agent is the key to preventing shrinkage cracks.

vcp voron toolhead is designed for broad compatibility with a wide range of cement-based material formulations. i have limited knowledge of material science, so i m afraid not able to offer the "best" mix design. the idea is, most of the paste is printable since we have the vibration, the print quality is subject to your mix design.

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sadly this toolhead makes noise.

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Disclaimer

This project is open-sourced, same as before at https://github.com/treesess/desktop3dpc GPL3.0 following VORON and Klipper.

The major files (cad, printer.cfg, .3mf) have been uploaded. Sorry for the slow documentation, since time is still spent on testing, improving the toolhead and slicing settings. I emphasize the open-source nature of this project, because my only wish is to prevent anyone from patenting the vibration printing method or any of its improvements. Please keep this technology open-sourced indefinitely. Do not let vibration printing suffer the same patent restriction that once limited FDM.

Martha

25 Apr 2026

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Special Thanks

• VORON, i love you. along with all other related open-source projects.
• Dr Dickson CHOW saved my life. Dr Natalie SIN saved my life.