r/greggshorthand

I'm going through the Gregg shorthand anniversary edition work book and in the unit 2 practice I came across two words I can't identify.... First pic has both, second only has one of them. I thought it was "to the" but the rest of the book joins the t and th without going down first so I thought it might be t + s + th? But idk what that could be in this context. As for the 'ds' I have no clue what that could be.

Thanks in advance!

for u/AddendumExpensive869

“Shorthand penmanship is analogous to the loading of a gun. There’s no use pulling the trigger of the gun unless it’s loaded—and there’s no use writing shorthand outlines for penmanship practice unless the writer has a good mental picture of the outlines. No amount of writing practice will produce good outlines unless the writer can discriminate between the faults and merits of his outlines. Copying page after page of penmanship drills is more likely to drain than improve the writer’s style of writing.

Much of this sort of penmanship drilling has its basis in the misconception that the writer must train his hand. Analysis and experimentation have shown that the writer must train his mind. It is clear, therefore, that the writer should first strive to obtain perfect perception and apperception of the forms. If the writer has a crystal-clear mental image of what he wants, it is far easier to write good outlines.”

Charles Rader in Today’s Secretary magazine, November 1956

The article is here- https://archive.org/details/sim_todays-secretary_1956-11_59_3/page/22/mode/2up