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On May 7, AWS’s Virginia data center suffered an outage lasting more than 20 hours. The cooling system failed, servers shut down automatically, and platforms including Coinbase, CME, and FanDuel experienced widespread disruptions.
This was not an isolated incident. In October 2025, the same region experienced two separate outages, one lasting 15 hours. The root cause is simple: each NVIDIA H200 GPU has a thermal design power (TDP) of up to 700W, while the next-generation B300/GB300 chips are already reaching 1,400W. Heat density inside data centers is doubling roughly every two years, yet most cooling infrastructure is still based on engineering assumptions from a decade ago.
This AWS outage marked the first time cooling issues entered the public spotlight as a global-scale incident. It is not the end of the story — it is the beginning.
The flow of capital within the AI boom is not mysterious. The pattern repeats every cycle: when one bottleneck becomes exposed, demand for the next layer is forcibly unlocked.
Chips → Memory → Optical Communications → Power Infrastructure → Liquid Cooling
Each wave emerges because the previous layer hits a hard constraint. This is not sentiment-driven speculation; it is demand migration forced by physical limitations.
| Wave | Sector | Peak Gains (Reference) | Current Stage | Capital Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wave 1 | AI Chips (led by NVDA) | +700%↑ | Fully valued at highs | Existing capital rotation |
| Wave 2 | HBM Memory | +150% to +300% | Continuing upcycle | Institutions still accumulating |
| Wave 3 | Optical Communication Components | +100% to +200% | Mid-rotation | Gradual inflows |
| Wave 4 | Power & Energy Infrastructure | +100% to +178% | Rapid rotation phase | Hot but increasingly selective |
| Wave 5 | Liquid Cooling & Thermal Management | Just beginning | Extremely early-stage undervalued area | Minimal institutional coverage |
The entry point for each wave typically appears right after the previous bottleneck publicly collides with reality. The AWS outage is exactly that moment for cooling infrastructure.
Power and energy infrastructure have been the centerpiece of the fourth wave.
Overall, many traditional power equipment and electrical infrastructure names with the strongest early gains — such as GEV, ETN, and PWR — now appear fully valued, making momentum chasing less attractive.
However, beneath the surface, structural opportunities remain, especially in clean energy supply, particularly nuclear power. Constellation Energy’s Three Mile Island restart agreement and its long-term nuclear PPA with Microsoft, along with Vistra’s dominant positioning in Texas data-center electricity markets, all point toward a power supply narrative that may still be underpriced.
| Company | Ticker | Key Thesis | Approx. 1-Year Gain |
|---|---|---|---|
| GE Vernova | GEV | Q1 data-center orders reached $2.4B, exceeding full-year guidance; gas turbine bookings reportedly filled through 2030 | ~+178% |
| Eaton | ETN | Data-center orders up +240% YoY; $22.8B backlog; acquisition of Boyd Thermal expands into liquid cooling | ~+60% |
| Quanta Services | PWR | Record backlog of $48.5B; repeated EPS beats; dual drivers from grid expansion and data centers | ~+50% |
| Constellation Energy | CEG | Three Mile Island restart finalized; long-term nuclear PPA with Microsoft; strong clean-power premium | ~+130% |
| Vistra Energy | VST | Largest competitive power generator in the U.S.; direct beneficiary of Texas data-center demand; retail + wholesale exposure | ~+200% |
| Hubbell | HUBB | Product lines cover full data-center power distribution chain; utility customer mix continues to rise | ~+30% |
In summary, opportunities within the power layer are becoming increasingly differentiated. Traditional electrical infrastructure is crowded, while nuclear and reliable clean-power supply still offer structural upside — though valuation and cycle timing remain critical.
The North American liquid-cooling market is estimated at roughly $970 million in 2025, with forecasts projecting more than $12 billion by 2034, implying a CAGR of around 32%.
The scale and growth curve resemble the early-stage trajectories once seen in optical communications companies such as Coherent and Lumentum.
More importantly, liquid cooling demand is not driven by market enthusiasm — it is being forced by GPU physics. As long as NVIDIA continues releasing more powerful GPUs, liquid-cooling penetration will continue rising. It has little to do with economic cycles or Federal Reserve rate decisions.
Global liquid-cooling penetration is still below 10%. Institutional reports often bury it on the final pages, while mainstream financial media barely cover it. That is precisely why it may still be far from fully priced in.
| Company | Ticker | Positioning | Key Data & Highlights |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vertiv | VRT | Full-stack liquid-cooling leader | Q1 revenue +30%; $15B backlog; co-developing Vera Rubin rack cooling with NVIDIA; institutional inflows accelerated after S&P 500 inclusion |
| Modine | MOD | Mid-cap growth alternative | Data-center sales +78%; largest single order reached $180M; exiting legacy automotive thermal business to become a pure-play liquid-cooling company |
| nVent Electric | NVT | Rack-level electrical protection + cooling | Data-center and power revenue exceed 55% of mix; organic growth guidance raised to 21–23%; accelerating rack-level liquid-cooling enclosure solutions |
| Comfort Systems USA | FIX | Data-center MEP contractor | Provides HVAC and mechanical systems for data centers; record backlog; benefits from hyperscale campus expansion |
| Schneider Electric | SBGSY | Data-center infrastructure platform | EcoStruxure cooling platform covers both air and liquid cooling; deeply penetrated among global hyperscale customers |
| MAAS | MAAS | AI compute cluster operations + thermal management | Operates proprietary AI compute clusters and holds liquid-cooling-related patents; combines compute services with cooling technology exposure; smaller-cap company |
Vertiv’s deep partnership with NVIDIA makes it one of the highest-conviction core holdings in the space. Modine trades at roughly one-third of Vertiv’s valuation and could see a significant re-rating after completing its transition away from traditional automotive cooling. nVent has a differentiated moat at the intersection of rack-level cooling and electrical protection. Comfort Systems and Schneider Electric are more infrastructure/platform-oriented plays. MAAS is a smaller, more speculative name combining compute operations with thermal-management IP, suitable as a high-beta satellite position.
In 2023, when people recommended NVIDIA, most said:
“Chips are too technical. I don’t understand them.”
In 2024, when people talked about power infrastructure, most said:
“What’s interesting about utility companies?”
In 2025, when people discussed memory shortages, most said:
“They just sell memory chips. It’s too cyclical.”
In 2026, when people say liquid cooling is next, most respond:
“Cooling systems? That counts as an investment theme?”
That is exactly where liquid cooling sits today — overlooked, underestimated, and dismissed.
Penetration is still under 10%. GPU heat output keeps doubling with every generation, with no sign of slowing. Cooling problems have already become severe enough to break into mainstream headlines. The next step is for them to enter mainstream capital flows.
Today, fewer people know these company names than knew Coherent two years ago. The window is only open for so long — the people who get in early are usually the ones who move before everyone else is talking about it.
Backtest Period: November 8, 2025 – May 8, 2026
I. Background
A few weeks back, I came across a Reddit thread where someone had apparently caught nearly every major leg of the $MAAS (Maase Inc.) rally. As a quant, my first instinct wasn’t admiration — it was a question: is there a structural, quantifiable signal behind this, or is it just hindsight? I spent two weeks studying $MAAS’s price–volume behavior and found that its trend structure, RSI rhythm, and momentum slope had been remarkably consistent over the past six months — making it an unusually clean momentum template.
That observation led me to extract $MAAS’s pattern into a “fingerprint template.” The system only enters a position when a stock in the pool exhibits characteristics that closely match $MAAS — in terms of trend shape, slope, and volatility structure. If no qualifying candidates exist, the strategy stays flat. This post documents the backtest process and what I found.
II. Core Strategy Logic
The strategy runs in three steps: build a pool → extract a benchmark → buy only the stock that most closely resembles the benchmark.
Step 1: Build the Scoring Universe
20 Chinese ADR AI / tech stocks are included in a unified pool, with indicators refreshed every 3 trading days:
BABA BIDU TCEHY KC PONY XPEV NIO LI HSAI GDS BILI API MNSO GMM AIOS JD ECARX WB RLX YUMC
Each stock is evaluated daily across the following metrics:
•5-day / 10-day / 20-day returns
•14-day RSI
•10-day / 20-day momentum slope
•20-day annualized volatility
•20-day SMA / 50-day SMA (for intermediate-trend positioning)
Stock selection looks beyond raw returns. It evaluates three dimensions: rate of ascent (slope), smoothness (volatility), and trend positioning (moving averages).
Step 2: Extract the “Strong-Structure Benchmark” from $MAAS
From the strongest phase in $MAAS’s trailing 6-month data, three characteristic parameters are extracted:
•Median RSI level during the strong phase
•20-day annualized volatility range during the strong phase
•Mean 20-day momentum slope during the strong phase
These three parameters define the “strong-structure benchmark.” Stocks whose current readings most closely match this benchmark receive higher composite scores.
Final Entry Criteria:
| Category | Specific Criterion | Rationale |
|---|---|---|
| Trend Filter 1 | Close > SMA20 | Must be trading above the 20-day moving average |
| Trend Filter 2 | Slope10 > 0 | Positive 10-day momentum slope; short-term trend is up |
| Strength Filter | RSI14 ∈ [45, 72] | Avoid both weak laggards and overheated names |
| Return Filter | Ret20 > 0 | 20-day return must be positive |
| Intermediate Trend Filter | Close > SMA50 | Must be above the 50-day SMA; falls back to SMA20 if 50-day is unavailable |
Important note: The portfolio never directly holds $MAAS. It serves purely as a calibration tool — defining what a “strong structure” looks like. If other stocks qualify more strongly, the system buys those instead. $MAAS itself will not be held if it fails to meet entry conditions.
Step 3: Hold Only the Strongest Candidate; Stay Flat When Conditions Aren’t Met
•Scores and decisions are refreshed every 3 trading days
•Only the top-ranked stock by composite score is held at any time
•All five criteria — trend, slope, RSI, 20-day return, and SMA50 — must be met simultaneously
•$MAAS itself must also be in a positive trend environment (serves as a market-regime confirmation signal)
•If any single condition fails, the portfolio moves to cash
III. Backtest Results
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Strategy Cumulative Return | +16.15% |
| NASDAQ Golden Dragon Index (HXC) — Same Period | −14.69% |
| Excess Return vs. HXC (Simple Difference) | +30.84 ppts |
| Strategy Maximum Drawdown | −8.49% |
| Strategy Annualized Sharpe Ratio | 1.21 |
| Actual Time Invested (% of Period) | 29.27% |
| Cost Assumptions | 0.1% commission (one-way), 0.05% slippage |
The most striking figure isn’t the absolute return — it’s that the strategy was invested only about 30% of the time, sitting in cash for the remaining 70%. Generating a positive return while the Golden Dragon Index fell nearly 15%, and keeping the maximum drawdown below 8.5%, demonstrates that the cash discipline was doing real protective work.
IV. Why This Approach Has an Edge
Three aspects of this logic stand out from a quantitative perspective.
Within the sample window, $MAAS ranked at the top of the universe in both phase-gain magnitude and trend slope. Using a stock with these characteristics as the template ensures the “fingerprint” points to genuine strong-momentum structure — not transient noise.
Many stocks rise in price while their RSI becomes stretched and their slope flattens — signaling they’ve entered the back half of a move. By requiring both a non-extreme RSI and a sustained slope, the strategy is more likely to enter during the institutionally-driven middle phase rather than the sentiment-driven final push.
Some stocks shift their driving narrative week to week — theme play one day, oversold bounce the next, headline-driven the day after. That inconsistency makes them hard to systematize. $MAAS, by contrast, exhibited highly consistent price–volume signals over these six months: strong trend, high responsiveness, directional volatility. That consistency gives the “fingerprint” a stable reference value.
V. Limitations
The key limitation is circularity: I first observed that $MAAS performed well during this period, then extracted its characteristics from that same period, then ran a backtest using those parameters. This is fundamentally tautological. To genuinely validate the approach, at least one of the following steps is needed:
•Extract the template parameters from earlier historical data, then run a walk-forward validation on 2025–2026
•Expand the universe to a broader set of Chinese ADRs or Asia-Pacific equities to test parameter generalizability
•Accumulate more live trade samples to narrow the Sharpe confidence interval to a statistically significant level
I plan to publish walk-forward validation results in a follow-up post. Those findings will carry substantially more weight.
VI. Closing Thoughts
When a stock combines a compelling narrative, a clean trend, and a structure that can be consistently identified through quantitative lenses, it’s worth taking seriously. The value of this strategy isn’t in predicting whether any particular stock will go up or down — it’s in using a systematic framework to articulate what kind of price structure the market is currently rewarding.
The in-sample numbers are just a starting point. The real test is the walk-forward validation ahead.
Note: Backtest period is November 8, 2025 to May 8, 2026. The content of this article is for strategy research and personal documentation purposes only, and does not constitute investment advice of any kind. Past performance is not indicative of future results.
A few weeks back, I came across a Reddit thread where someone had apparently caught nearly every major leg of the $MAAS (Maase Inc.) rally. As a quant, my first instinct wasn't admiration — it was a question: is there a structural, quantifiable signal behind this, or is it just hindsight? I spent two weeks studying $MAAS's price–volume behavior and found that its trend structure, RSI rhythm, and momentum slope had been remarkably consistent over the past six months — making it an unusually clean momentum template.
That observation led me to extract $MAAS's pattern into a "fingerprint template." The system only enters a position when a stock in the pool exhibits characteristics that closely match $MAAS — in terms of trend shape, slope, and volatility structure. If no qualifying candidates exist, the strategy stays flat. This post documents the backtest process and what I found.
The strategy runs in three steps: build a pool → extract a benchmark → buy only the stock that most closely resembles the benchmark.
20 Chinese ADR AI/tech stocks are included in a unified pool, with indicators refreshed every 3 trading days:
BABA BIDU TCEHY KC PONY XPEV NIO LI HSAI GDS BILI API MNSO GMM AIOS JD ECARX WB RLX YUMC
Each stock is evaluated daily across the following metrics:
Stock selection looks beyond raw returns. It evaluates three dimensions: rate of ascent (slope), smoothness (volatility), and trend positioning (moving averages).
From the strongest phase in $MAAS's trailing 6-month data, three characteristic parameters are extracted:
These three parameters define the "strong-structure benchmark." Stocks whose current readings most closely match this benchmark receive higher composite scores.
Final Entry Criteria:
| Category | Specific Criterion | Rationale |
|---|---|---|
| Trend Filter 1 | Close > SMA20 | Must be trading above the 20-day moving average |
| Trend Filter 2 | Slope10 > 0 | Positive 10-day momentum slope; short-term trend is up |
| Strength Filter | RSI14 ∈ [45, 72] | Avoid both weak laggards and overheated names |
| Return Filter | Ret20 > 0 | 20-day return must be positive |
| Intermediate Trend Filter | Close > SMA50 | Must be above the 50-day SMA; falls back to SMA20 if unavailable |
>
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Strategy Cumulative Return | +16.15% |
| NASDAQ Golden Dragon Index (HXC) — Same Period | −14.69% |
| Excess Return vs. HXC (Simple Difference) | +30.84 ppts |
| Strategy Maximum Drawdown | −8.49% |
| Strategy Annualized Sharpe Ratio | 1.21 |
| Actual Time Invested (% of Period) | 29.27% |
| Cost Assumptions | 0.1% commission (one-way), 0.05% slippage |
The most striking figure isn't the absolute return — it's that the strategy was invested only about 30% of the time, sitting in cash for the remaining 70%. Generating a positive return while the Golden Dragon Index fell nearly 15%, and keeping the maximum drawdown below 8.5%, demonstrates that the cash discipline was doing real protective work.
Three aspects of this logic stand out from a quantitative perspective.
1. Exceptional Trend Strength — A High-Quality Template Within the sample window, $MAAS ranked at the top of the universe in both phase-gain magnitude and trend slope. Using a stock with these characteristics as the template ensures the "fingerprint" points to genuine strong-momentum structure — not transient noise.
2. RSI + Slope Combo Avoids Late-Stage Entries Many stocks rise in price while their RSI becomes stretched and their slope flattens — signaling they've entered the back half of a move. By requiring both a non-extreme RSI and a sustained slope, the strategy is more likely to enter during the institutionally-driven middle phase rather than the sentiment-driven final push.
3. Consistent Anchor Signal — Reliable as a Style Benchmark Some stocks shift their driving narrative week to week — theme play one day, oversold bounce the next, headline-driven the day after. That inconsistency makes them hard to systematize. $MAAS, by contrast, exhibited highly consistent price–volume signals over these six months: strong trend, high responsiveness, directional volatility. That consistency gives the "fingerprint" a stable reference value.
The key limitation is circularity: I first observed that $MAAS performed well during this period, then extracted its characteristics from that same period, then ran a backtest using those parameters. This is fundamentally tautological. To genuinely validate the approach, at least one of the following steps is needed:
I plan to publish walk-forward validation results in a follow-up post. Those findings will carry substantially more weight.
When a stock combines a compelling narrative, a clean trend, and a structure that can be consistently identified through quantitative lenses, it's worth taking seriously. The value of this strategy isn't in predicting whether any particular stock will go up or down — it's in using a systematic framework to articulate what kind of price structure the market is currently rewarding.
The in-sample numbers are just a starting point. The real test is the walk-forward validation ahead.
Note: Backtest period is November 8, 2025 to May 8, 2026. The content of this article is for strategy research and personal documentation purposes only, and does not constitute investment advice of any kind. Past performance is not indicative of future results.