[His Last Command] Gaunt gives nuance to being a Comissar
Context: Gaunt has been relieved of command of his Ghosts and has entered the war theatre as a Comissar. He has found 7 troopers attempting to desert, got them arrested, and after interrogating them got them a spot in the supply depot. Comissar Ludd is discussing this fact with him afterwards.
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"Shouldn't they just be... shot?" Ludd asked.
Gaunt pretended to search his coat pockets. 'I don't know. Should they? I can't find my Instrument of Order.'
'You know what I mean.'
'If we start executing,' Gaunt said 'Van Voytz will be fighting this war on his own. From what I've seen and what I've been told, the Imperial forces at the Second Front are plagued with fear and lack of resolve. Punishment has its place, Ludd, but what's needed here is a way to give the Guard some focus. Some resolve.'
'Because they've lost it?'
'Because they've never had it. These boys have no experience of war, nothing to insulate themselves with. Under other circumstances, the officer class and the comissariate would whip some spirit into them and get them through the first weeks of doubt and fear until they found their feet. But the officers are no more experienced, and there aren't enough comissars. Summary execution is a commisar's most potent tool, Ludd. Used to effect in a situation involving a veteran unit, it reminds the men of their commitment. Used on units of fresh-faced boys, it destroys what little spirit they have. Worse, it confirms their fears.'
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I love how Abnett is always able to add nuance and this sort of fresh, realistic, humane look to the genre. Especially since a lot of other authors went the other way, and especially the meme lore goes hard in the "hurr durr BRUDER" direction. You can find similar excerpts in Eisenhorn about the Inquisition and Chaos corruption.