Because you are free..
The Romans were the most obsessive recordkeepers in ancient world. They documented taxes, troop movements, provincial disputes, weather, eclipses, everything.
Rome ran on paperwork. Governors sent dispatches. Historians wrote massive volume accounts covering everything from military campaigns to strange customs in conquered territories. Rome kept a close eye on Judea which had a history of uprisings, prophets, messianic movements, the kind of unrest that made Roman administrators nervous.
Cornelius Tacitus, 56 AD, he rose through the highest levels of Roman society, served as senator, held the office of consul, and later governed the Roman province of Asia. Tacitus was not a minor writer but rather one of the most respected historians the empire ever produced.
Tacitus wrote a massive work called The Annals, covering Roman history from death of Augustus through the end of Nero's reign. In it he describes the great fire of Rome in July of 64 AD. The fire burned for 6 days and destroyed much of the city. Rumors spread that Nero himself had ordered it set, that he watched it burn while playing music. In other words, important events were recorded by this respected historian.
Now let us first examine Matthew 27: 45 onwards on Jesus' execution. From noon until 3pm, darkness came all over the land. At that moment, the curtain of the temple was torn in two from top to bottom. The earth shook, the rocks split, AND THE TOMBS BROKE OPEN AND THE BODIES OF MANY HOLY PEOPLE WHO HAD DIED WERE RAISED TO LIFE. THEY CAME OUT OF THE TOMBS AND WENT INTO THE HOLY CITY AND APPEARED TO MANY PEOPLE.
In 15:44 of The Annals, a part of it reads: "The originator of this name, Christus, had been executed during the reign of Tiberius by the procurator Pontius Pilate. The deadly/pernicious superstition, suppressed for the moment, broke out again—not only throughout Judea, the source of this evil, but also throughout Rome, where everything horrible and shameful from every part of the world finds its center and becomes popular."
This is the famous Tacitus reference identifying Christus, his execution under Pontius Pilate, and the reign of Tiberius.
Also note that Tacitus calls Christianity “exitiabilis superstitio”—more accurately “pernicious/destructive superstition”, rather than “mischievous superstition.”
Right there Tacitus stops to explain. But notice what he doesnt say. No miracles, no resurrection, no dead rising from their tombs and walking through Jerusalem, no earth shaking, no sky going dark. A spectacular event where the dead people rose from their grave and walked through jerusalem would not have been forgotten to be written down by one of the most greatest recordkeeper of ancient rome. In other words, about the miracles, the resurrection and all other superstitions, none was recorded by history.
Instead Tacitus in his work described the whole thing as a straightforward and pure judicial matter. A Roman governor doing his job in a difficult province. A man was tried. A man was executed. The movement paused, then it didnt stay dead. That's the Roman report, a senator's footnote in the history of the empire. No angels, no miracles, just a governor solving a problem on a Friday afternoon.
Tacitus says Christ suffered what the Latin calls the extreme penalty. That phrase refers specifically to crucifixion. And crucifixion in the Roman world wasnt a general purpose punishment. Rome had plenty of ways to kill people, beheading for citizens, strangulation, the arena. Crucifixion was reserved. It was specific. It was used for political crimes, sedition, rebellion against Rome, slave revolts, piracy. It was the punishment that said publicly and visually "DO NOT CHALLENGE CAESAR". After crucifixion, the body was often left up for days unti it rots, not as justice, but an advertisment not to challenge caesar.
Let us examine how the gospel framed this. Jesus is tried before the Sanhedrin, the Jewish religious council, on a charge of blasphemy. He claims to be the son of God. The High Priest tears his robe in horror. The council condemns him. They hand him over to Pilate for the Roman punishment.
In Johns gospel, Pilate signed and prepared and fastened above the cross. It reads "Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews".
"KING OF THE JEWS". Think about what that charge really is. Thats not a religious accusation but rather a political accusation. In the Roman Empire, claiming kingship without Rome's appointment was treason. The Latin term is Crimen Laece Majestatis, an offense against the majesty of the emperor, one of the most serious charges on the books. You do not claim to be a king in a Roman province and walk away with it.
Crucifixion was Rome's supreme penalty, it's most public and visual deterrent. Crucifixion was always about politics. It was always about power. The cross wasnt a theological statement. It was a billboard with a strong message "THIS IS WHAT HAPPENS WHEN YOU CHALLENGE CAESAR".
The gospel tells you that Jesus died for your sins. The Roman record tells you Jesus died for challenging Roman authority. The Roman governor sitting in judgment that day wasnt looking at a sacrifice for the sins of the world. He was looking at a political problem on a Friday afternoon. And he solved it the way Rome always solved political problems with wood and nails and a sign.
Had you been standing in Jerusalem that day where the dead rose from their grave and walked through Jerusalem and appeared to many, youd remember it for the rest of your life. Youd tell your children, your childrens children. It would be one of the most documented events in the ancient world. Governors would have written to Rome about it. Historians would have devoted whole chapters to it. The Romans garrison stationed in the city would have filed reports because dead people walking through the streets is not something a military occupation quietly overlooks.
And yet, Tacitus writing about this exact period mentions none of it. No earthquake, no darkness, no risen dead.
Two versions. The gospel. The History. Superstition or Reality. Pick your own because you are FREE.