▲ 228 r/freebsd

PureDarwin (Contains FreeBSD code) now can run XFCE.

Credit to Vali on the PureDarwin discord server

u/Glum_Hamster_2104 — 15 days ago

Etymology of olm

Does anyone know the etymology of the animal called the olm? It’s borrowed from German and was first recorded in Old High German but it’s apparently unknown. Is it a substrate word of sorts?

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u/Glum_Hamster_2104 — 16 days ago

[yabai] Simple Sonoma Rice

Running Yabai with Sketchybar on MacOS Sonoma on my recently built hackintosh.

u/Glum_Hamster_2104 — 1 month ago

Sonoma iHack Pro

Audio partially working (Works but cant control volume and headphone jack doesn’t work) and imessages and some other random features don’t work but a very useable system overall.

u/Glum_Hamster_2104 — 1 month ago

A possible IE origin for the word pig

The word pig is an interesting word because its etymology is mostly unknown with most linguists claiming it's from an unknown substrate, I have a different more speculative theory I came up with for fun. It's thought that there's many unknown IE languages that were spoken across Europe that survive in placenames and borrowings etc. I have a theory that the word pig is from one of these unknown IE languages that got borrowed into post-Grimms law Germanic. I decided to theoretically reconstruct a word from a hypothetical language derived from PIE that could be a source of the word pig.

The root/word for pig in Germanic is often reconstructed as puggō, pū̆k, pū̆kigō, pū̆kgijō etc with an underlying form of puk-. If the word was borrowed as is, then I have a decent idea on what the PIE root can be assuming my sound changes to this unknown language is somewhat correct.

PIE: bʰreHg-

This root is defined as meaning

to smell, have a strong odour

Pigs are usually known to smell bad or to be filthy (which is why it's forbidden to eat pigs in some cultures). I'll be using the zero-grade form of the root which is bʰr̥Hg-, it's the most plausible for these sound changes that I'm going to be applying. These are hypothetical sound changes that would make the root be plausible to be borrowed into a post-Grimms law PGMC.

Aspirated stops deaspirate and become normal stops leaving us with br̥Hg-.

The syllabic rhotic will then vocalize into u leaving us with buHg- and with the laryngeal lengthening the vowel we should get būg-.

Now this last step is very speculative on my behalf as I can't safely say that this would likely ever happen within an IE daughter language but just to make it fit the Germanic term, it's likely that stops lost their voicing/devoicing contrast similar to some Native American languages which gives us pūk- which matches almost perfectly with the forms listed. There's also an alternative form found in Frisian and Dutch that is biggō which may match a different borrowing being from speakers who voice their stops (though this is very unlikely).

I've also looked into trying to derive the word pórḱos which literally means piglet, though I had difficulty surrounding the vowel and the voicing of ḱ. I also looked into the possibility of a root starting in kʷ or gʷ (as many labiovelars in Celtic and Italic languages shift into p/b) but I couldn't find any that could semantically relate to a pig or piglet.

Now this is all for fun and I don't expect anyone to take this seriously at all since any of this would be very hard to prove and can probably get disproven in a pretty simple manner but I hope this makes you think about how many "non IE substrate words" could be derived from PIE in some sort of way.

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u/Glum_Hamster_2104 — 1 month ago