The Western cannon: the books you have to read to fully understand everything else(feel free to critique or add upon the list).
- Ancient literature:
- Theogony and Works and Days (Hesiod)
- Illiad and the Odessey (Homer)
- The three great playwrights; Sophocles Euripedes, Aeschyslus, choose a book of most well know plays for each
- Aristophanes' Clouds and other works
- Virgil's Aeneid
- Ovid's Metamorphoses
- Ancient Philosophy
- Plato's Republic and shorter works
- Aristotles Poetics, Virtue Ethics, and Metaphysics. I will say that this is maybe the only practical reading list as I wuld reccomend to actually let Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics guide your life, look up the Benjamin Franklin approach
- Stoic writings like Marcus Aurelius' Meditations and maybe Seneca letters to a Stoic (be aware that Stoicism is heavily derivative upon Aristotle's Virtue Ethics)
- Some of Cicero's oratory and political/ethical treatises like Against the Catalinians. Try to find a good collection of his most influential writings
The Bible
Medieval Literature/Philosophy
- Augustine's City of God
- Boeccius' consolations
- Chaucher's Canterbury tales
- Boccacio's Decameron
- The lay of Sir Roland
- Le Morthe D'Artur (Mallory)
- Beowulf
- Dante's Divine Comedy (all parts)
- Prose Edda and Poetic Edda for Norse mythology (Greek Mythology being already extensively covered)
- Nibelungenlied (High German version, Hatto translation)
- Sir Gawain and the Green knight
- Confessions (Augustine)
- Shakespeare, all of it everything he wrote
Edit:
Epic of Gilgamesh
Marlowe Poetry
Donne Poetry
Paradise Lost
Don Quixote
Pindarus
Sappho
De Rerum Natura
Cicero On Duty
Plotinus!!! How could I forget Plotinus? Likely the third greatest philosopher of antiquity if we're excluding Augustine
You can add Ancient historians like Suetonius, Plutarch, Herodotus, Livy, Thucycides
LASTLY I SHOULD MENTION THAT I INTENDED THIS LIST AS A 'BASE' TO START READING EARLY MODERN AND LATE MODERN LITERATURE, IF I INCLUDED THE MODERN CANNON THE LIST WOULD BALLOON OUT OF PROPORTION!!! AS SOMEONE WHO LOVES MODERN LITERATURE BUT DOESN'T GET ALL THE REFERENCES I MOSTLY MADE THIS FOR MYSELF.