u/Obvious-Equivalent90

I currently live and work in the US on an H-1B visa, but I'm seriously considering changing careers and pursuing medicine.

I'm trying to understand how the immigration side works for international students/doctors in the US, and I'm finding conflicting information.

A few questions:

1. Can international students get admitted to US medical schools while already in the US on a work visa (such as H-1B)?
2. If admitted, do they typically switch to an F-1 student visa, or can they remain on another status?
3. After medical school, what visas are commonly used for residency training?
4. Is residency mainly sponsored through J-1 visas, H-1B visas, or both?
5. If H-1B is used for residency or physician jobs, is it subject to the H-1B lottery, or are teaching hospitals/residency programs usually cap-exempt?
6. After completing residency, how difficult is it for an international medical graduate to obtain a visa to practice as an attending physician in the US?
7. For someone born in India, what are the biggest immigration hurdles on the path from medical school to becoming a practicing physician?

I'd especially appreciate hearing from international physicians or anyone who has gone through medical school/residency on a visa.

Thanks!