
Why does nitrate have a double bond?
(High school chem education) I recently tried to come up with the structure for nitrate, and my whole process is basically documented on the left. I have learned that the correct structure is the one on the left. However, I don't understand why the right structure is correct instead of the left one.
They both have 24 total electrons (5+6+6+6+1, for N, O3, and -) and both have a total charge of -1. Plus, the correct version would seemingly require the double-bonded O atom to randomly give one of its electrons to another to accommodate the coordinate bond, which doesn't seem like it should be possible. Can anyone make this make sense?