>Most Asian nations do not see youth football that way; they treat youth football as a matter of honour and the path leading to the senior national teams. As for the result, youth football has been cherished in a more radical manner, where good performances could bring prestige and fame; and often Asian federations will try to fight to the bitter end to bring their best young players to represent their nations.
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Context:
Following the conquest of the Dzungar Khanate in 1755, Qing Emperor Qianlong originally attempted to divide the newly-conquered Xinjiang territory under various puppet Dzungar Khong Tayijis. However, Amursana revolted, and when the revolt failed, he fled to the Kazakh Khanate to rejoin his father-in-law Ablai Khan. When Qianlong demanded Ablai to extradite Amursana, Ablai cited family reasons and rejected it. Angered, Qianlong launched a full scale invasion of Kazakh Khanate in 1756.
The war lasted for over a year, during which Chinese Army marched deep to Kazakh soil, but never succeeded in capturing Ablai and Amursana altogether, before being pushed back by the fierce Kazakh and Dzungar resistance. This only fuelled even more resentment from the Qing Emperor, which, he believed the Kazakhs and Dzungars conspired together to overthrow Qing control of the newly-conquered territory. This resulted in the Dzungar genocide, which was in name only; in reality, a lot of Kazakhs and Kyrgyz were also slaughtered by Chinese troops as they couldn’t distinguish Kazakhs and Kyrgyz from Dzungars.
To help escalating the scale of the genocide, Qianlong personally appealed for support from the Karluk Uzbeks and Uyghurs (then known as Chagatayan Turkis) of Tarim Basin/Southern Xinjiang, as well as the Oghuz Salars in what would be today Qinghai and Gansu, portraying himself as the protector of Islamicate civilisation, and that the nomadic Dzungars, Kazakhs and Kyrgyz were seen as non-Muslims. Many Uzbeks, Uyghurs and Salars, either bitter over past Dzungar occupation, Kazakh and Kyrgyz raids, or simply wanted to carve favour from the Emperor, also took part on the massacre.
Ultimately, this act would doom the Uyghurs and Uzbeks of Tarim Basin. With many Kazakhs and Kyrgyz perished at the genocide, it gave Qianlong final justification to fully annex the Tarim Basin region to China, and renegaded promises for autonomy of the people in the region. Outraged, the Uyghurs and Uzbeks revolted against Chinese rule, before getting crushed after a century of fighting.
PS: Qing dynasty is not Turkic.
Among all World Cup songs, the one from the 2006 edition in Germany, "The Time of Our Lives", is one of the pretty unusual musical pieces in the history. While most World Cup songs tend to feature open, ferocious and upbeat musical tunes calling for fierce competitiveness and passion with the beautiful game, this song, performed by Il Divo and Toni Braxton, is totally abnormal in the way how it was intended. This is because the song's nature itself: instead of fire, it was played with a tune belonging to like a couple longing, emotional destiny, and shared memory between two people instead. In other words, the song functioned more like "a cinematic love ballad," instead of a football chant.
This leaves a question. Was the song itself really unusual among all World Cup songs so far, and why does it feel like if two lovers are finding way to reunite and share their moment instead?
In all of three Western Turkic language families (Oghuz, Karluk and Kipchak), as they have diverged a lot for centuries, they also have substantial differences.
That being said, it's still noteworthy that, with the Oghuz family (Turkish, Azerbaijani, Turkmen, Salar and Gagauz), they largely switched to Latin alphabets, and almost all of them appear glad to reform their alphabets either away from Perso-Arabic or Cyrillic ones. With the Karluk family (Uzbek and Uyghur), their languages are a bit of weird messes of alphabets, either sandwiched between Perso-Arabic, Cyrillic and Latin; though, from what I can tell, most Uzbeks and Uyghurs de facto use Latin despite their chaotic Latinisation (like Uzbek apostrophe alphabet), especially for the Uyghur case once they are out of Xinjiang. Still, in both cases, the Oghuz and Karluk languages did have bases to enable their linguistic transformation themselves (Ottoman for Oghuz, and Chagatai for Karluk), as well as their distinct influences from Persian (and partially Arabic, and other regional languages they were in) on their orthography and phonology.
However, it seems like Kipchak family (Kazakh, Bashkir, Kyrgyz, Nogai, Crimean Tatar, Karakalpak, Volga Tatar, Siberian Tatar, Kumyk, Karachay-Balkar and Lipka Tatar) is a much more challenging task. Beneath their common Turkic origin, they appear to be far more conservative than Oghuz and Karluk counterparts; maybe it stems from the fact that the Kipchaks were deeply Turco-Mongols and never Persianate since the Jochid Ulus (Golden Horde), but the unusually strict and dense level of sounds (like vowel harmony) present an unusual challenge unseen in Oghuz and Karluk tongues. They did attempt to romanise, but so far, rarely have any success at all, and Cyrillic remains widespread.
There are also exceptions, but they weren't engineered on local Kipchak sounds, but rather like this:
I have no interest on Latinisation, since this is a bit political and statehood-driven project. That being said, are Kipchak languages much more difficult beneath their Turkic outlooks, in contrast to Oghuz and Karluk ones?
PS: I know Cyrillic was born in Bulgaria, though Russian imperialism had affected the development.
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PS: Pakistan and Bangladesh aren't Turkic states, but due to Mughal (Timurid) Empire, they have been strongly affiliated to wider Turkic world, in particular Pakistan.
I am not a Muslim, but I have been learning about Muslim followers as parts of my personal researches. This is a controversial question, which I reluctantly admit to be pretty uneasy. But here is mine.
Cham people are natives to what is now Indochina, mainly living between Vietnam and Cambodia, as well as having small communities in Brunei, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Laos and Singapore. Diasporas also exist in China, Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Australia, New Zealand, and the United States. Originally Hindus, they slowly converted to Sunni Islam due to the Vietnamese conquest and later Khmer Rouge’s brutal persecution since the 15th century. Nowaday, except the Central Vietnam clout that stays Hindus, almost every Cham elsewhere has become orthodox Muslims.
Given so much cruelty and brutality for centuries, I think people expect the Chams would serve as a fertile ground for radical extremist ideology by those of Al-Qaeda and ISIS, which clearly no Muslim would appreciate outside the radicalised ones. However, much to our bewilderment, no Cham has ever been known for being active in global terrorist cells. In fact, you almost never hear of Chams joining global jihad propagated by Al-Qaeda or ISIS propaganda machines.
You may claim it is because of censorship or surveillance in Vietnam and Cambodia. But China and Russia are far more repressive and totalitarian, and still they can’t prevent their radicalised citizens from joining. The Chams also diverge far more than Poland and Lithuania’s Lipka Tatars due to the brutal persecution of Chams, something Lipka Tatars never had to endure under Warsaw and Vilnius — and still Chams joined the Lipka Tatars as the non-radicalised Muslims so far.
The Cham anomaly challenges many of our original belief about Muslims. Still, how does this anomaly happen?
Embora algumas pessoas possam discutir se os técnicos brasileiros de hoje são bons ou não, essa conquista é significativa porque demonstra que o Brasil também pode desenvolver um sistema de gestão adequado, e não apenas jogadores excepcionais.
Walter Model, Gerd von Rundstedt, Erwin Rommel, Erich von Manstein and Albert Kesselring for football now?
At the 2026 AFC U-17 Asian Cup, China shocked Qatar (hosts of the 2026 FIFA U-17 World Cup) with a 2-0 win. Coupled with Indonesia losing 1-3 to Japan, China, Qatar and Indonesia shared equal points, but China advanced based on superior goal difference between the trio (China +1, Qatar 0, Indonesia -1) to qualify for the 2026 FIFA U-17 World Cup. This is the first time since 2005 (when China last appeared at any FIFA men's football event) the country have a representative at men's football in either U17, U20, or senior level.
It is interesting that, after Qing China's defeat to Britain in the First Opium War, more and more Chinese labourers were taken from China to across the globe, but mostly for gold-hunting seasons. However, a lesser known chapter is the surprising presence of many Chinese labourers to Peru. At the time, Peru didn't join the war against China, and it didn't do much in trades with the Qing dynasty, so... what fuelled so many Peruvian tycoons at the time to recruit Chinese labourers?
PS: I was telling about the War of the Pacific (or Saltpeter/Guano War) of 1879-84 between Chile vs Peru and Bolivia.