
How do we know any two fossils are the same species?
(Borrowed this meme from u/totally__not_kira on r/birdingmemes to illustrate my question)
If we find a whole herd of hadrosaurs in the same formation all buried together, I can understand how those are all probably relatives, but how can we know the Chicago Archaeopteryx and the Berlin Archeopteryx aren't different species. Like... if you found a Hooded Yellowthroat fossil and a Belding's Yellowthroat fossil, 100m years from now—even very complete—could a good paleontologist tell from their bones (or even feather imprints and melanosomes) that they are different species?
I acknowledge that species are basically fake and undefinable, but I hope the question still makes sense.