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Pokemon manhole in Higashiosaka, Osaka, Japan
▲ 58 r/manholeporn

Pokemon manhole in Higashiosaka, Osaka, Japan

Featuring Elekid and Mawile sitting on top of a girder. It's installed in Higashi Ishikiri Park, around 15 mins walk from Ishikiri Station.

u/system_chronos — 7 days ago
▲ 29 r/indonesia

Harian Kompas Edisi HUT Ke-61: 1 Edisi 3 Wajah

Dalam rangka memperingati HUT ke-61, Harian Kompas edisi 29 Juni 2026 mengusung konsep “1 Edisi. 3 Wajah.”, setiap eksemplar menampilkan satu dari tiga variasi desain halaman depan hasil kolaborasi dengan tiga ilustrator yang menghadirkan tiga karya ilustrasi yang merefleksikan tiga isu besar pembentuk masa depan Indonesia: keberlanjutan, ekonomi, dan perkembangan teknologi.

Karya Bethania Brigitta menampilkan tumpukan kartu yang saling menopang, dengan setiap rongganya menggambarkan beragam ekosistem, mulai dari hutan hingga perkotaan beserta aktivitas di dalamnya. Sebuah ruang yang tampak lebih kosong di salah satu sudut ilustrasi secara implisit merefleksikan dampak perubahan ekstrem pada suatu habitat dan mendorong penghuninya berpindah ke ruang lain. Sementara itu, tangan yang meletakkan kartu baru di bagian atas menjadi simbol bahwa masa depan terus disusun dan keseimbangannya ditentukan oleh pilihan yang dibuat hari ini.

Karya Philip Ponk menggambarkan ketimpangan pertumbuhan ekonomi melalui metafora beragam tanaman dengan kondisi yang berbeda-beda. Ada tanaman yang tumbuh rapuh akibat situasi ekonomi yang buruk; ada yang berhasil berkembang, tetapi harus bersaing dan berkorban; hingga ada yang dipaksa tumbuh sampai bentuknya menjadi terdistorsi. Kehadiran karakter-karakter yang mengamati dari atas turut merefleksikan adanya pihak yang memiliki kuasa dan pengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan di bawahnya.

Karya Aisyah Vasthy menggambarkan semakin terintegrasinya kecerdasan buatan (AI) dalam kehidupan sehari-hari melalui berbagai interaksi positif manusia dengan teknologi, mulai dari pendidikan, kesehatan, industri kreatif, hingga UMKM. Seluruh elemen dalam ilustrasi dihubungkan oleh benang-benang digital sebagai simbol kehadiran AI yang menghubungkan berbagai aspek kehidupan. Di balik konektivitas dan kemudahan tersebut, ilustrasi ini juga mengajak pembaca merefleksikan isu privasi, pengawasan, serta batas-batas kemanusiaan di era digital.

Selamat ulang tahun yang ke-61 untuk Harian Kompas!

u/system_chronos — 7 days ago
▲ 187 r/indonesia

On this day 12 years ago, pictorial health warnings on cigarette packs came into effect

On 24 June 2014, pictorial health warnings (PHW) aka "scary pictures" on cigarette packs came into effect.

These PHWs were regulated by Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan (Permenkes) No. 28 Tahun 2013, which was issued to implement Peraturan Pemerintah (PP) No. 109 Tahun 2012 regarding protection of health against materials containing addictive substances in the form of tobacco products. In addition, cigarette packs were also prohibited to contain words that imply the quality or safety of the cigarettes, such as "Light", "Low Tar", "Premium", etc.

In 2018, three of the five PHWs (pictures of mouth cancer, a man smoking with shadows of death looming behind him, and a man smoking while carrying a baby) were replaced with new pictures of mouth cancer, throat cancer, and "smoking take away my happiness one by one". The new warnings also included the number for the smoking cessation service Quitline.INA.

The Ministry of Health is currently drafting a new Permenkes to regulate standardized cigarette packaging or plain packaging, the uniformity of the colors of tobacco product and electronic cigarette packaging in order to reduce their appeal. Various international studies have shown that the implementation of plain packaging is effective in reducing the appeal of tobacco products, increasing the effectiveness of health warnings, and helping prevent smoking initiation among children and first-time smokers. The new Permenkes is expected to be issued in July 2026.

Sources:

For smokers out there, do these scary pictures affect your smoking habit?

Anyone quit smoking because of these PHW?

Or did anyone consider trying smoking but decided against it because of these?

u/system_chronos — 12 days ago
▲ 62 r/manholeporn

Petunia and waterfront scenery in Kobe, Hyogo, Japan

Winner of the city's 5th manhole design contest for Chuo Ward. It's installed near Exit 26 of Duo Kobe underground shopping mall.

u/system_chronos — 13 days ago
▲ 41 r/manholeporn

Flowers in Osaka, Japan

Featuring pansy, the city flower, surrounded by cherry blossom, the city tree. This design was created in 1989 to commemorate Osaka City 100th anniversary, and later repurposed for the Expo 1990 (The International Garden and Greenery Exposition).

u/system_chronos — 14 days ago
▲ 41 r/manholeporn

Yayoi Takatsuki from Idolmaster franchise in Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan

Installed in Ama Site Park to commemorate the franchise 20th anniversary in 2025.

u/system_chronos — 16 days ago
▲ 13 r/indonesia

On this day 10 years ago, BRISat was launched

On 19 June 2016 at around 4:30 WIB, or 18 June at 18:30 local time, the BRISat owned by Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI) was successfully launched, becoming the world’s first communications satellite owned and operated by a bank.

The satellite was launched by Ariane 5 ECA rocket from Guiana Space Center in Korou, French Guiana. It was successfully launched after 3 delays caused by technical problems and weather issues.

The satellite was built by Space System/Loral (SSL). It was built on SSL's SSL-1300 bus carrying 45 transponders. From its orbital position at 150.5° East, it covers areas in Indonesia, ASEAN, North east of Asia, some Pacific area and West Australia. The construction and launch of BRIsat cost approximately USD $230 million.

With this satellite, BRI aimed to enhance its corporate performance, save telecommunication spending by 50%, and expand its activities and services to all corners of the vast Indonesian archipelago.

Sources:

youtube.com
u/system_chronos — 17 days ago
▲ 21 r/indonesia

On this day, 162 years ago, construction began on the first railway line in Indonesia

On 17 June 1864, Governor-General Ludolph Anne Jan Wilt Sloet van de Beele broke ground on the construction of the first railway line in the territory of Dutch East Indies.

The project was initiated by the Nederlandsch-Indische Spoorweg Maatschappij (NIS), a railway company established in the Dutch East Indies to develop railway infrastructure. The line was planned to connect Semarang with the Vorstenlanden region, an area that included present-day Surakarta and Yogyakarta.

The line was built using the standard gauge system, with a track width of 1,435 mm. At the starting point, NIS built Samarang Station as the first railway station in Indonesia. The station was located in the area now known as Kampung Spoorland, Kelurahan Kemijen, Kecamatan Semarang Timur, Kota Semarang.

The construction of the Samarang–Vorstenlanden railway was divided into several sections. The first section, running from Samarang to Tangoeng (now Tanggung in Kabupaten Grobogan), was approximately 26 km long. It passed through two intermediate stations, Allas-Toewa (now Alastua in Kecamatan Pedurungan, Kota Semarang) and Broemboeng (now Brumbung in Kabupaten Demak) before reaching Tangoeng. The line was eventually opened to the public on 10 August 1867.

Its completion marked a major technological milestone, introducing railway transportation as a new means of moving people and goods across the island of Java.

Sources and further reading:

kompas.id
u/system_chronos — 19 days ago
▲ 65 r/manholeporn

Pokemon manhole in Higashiosaka, Osaka, Japan

Featuring Klink and Klang. Installed in front of Asahimachi Government Building, around 10 mins walk from Hyotan-Yama Station.

u/system_chronos — 20 days ago
▲ 26 r/indonesia

Today is World Dengue Day, let's talk about dengue fever

Introduction

Dengue fever, better known in Bahasa Indonesia as "demam berdarah dengue", is a viral infection mainly transmitted through the bite of female mosquitoes of the Aedes species.

Dengue is the world’s fastest-spreading mosquito-borne disease. Before 1970, only 9 countries had experienced a dengue epidemic. Now, more than 100 countries worldwide are at risk. Dengue is no longer limited to tropical regions, as hundreds of cases in France, Italy, and Spain in 2024 showed.

The increasing global transmission of dengue is associated with rising temperatures, intense rainfall, and increased humidity from climate change. Human factors such as urbanization and increased mobility also contribute.

Dengue is caused by infection with dengue virus (DENV). The virus consists of 4 serotypes, from DENV-1 to DENV-4. Infection with a single serotype generates lifelong immunity against that specific serotype and short-lived immunity against the other three. However, following a primary infection from a particular serotype, secondary infection with any of the other three could lead to more severe illness, in a phenomenon known as antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE).

Symptoms and treatments

In most cases, dengue infection causes no or only mild symptoms, including high fever, headache, muscle and joint pains, and skin rash. Symptoms usually begin 4–10 days after infection and last for 2–7 days.

In some cases, the infection could develop into severe dengue (previously known as dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome, in which the term "demam berdarah" comes from). Severe dengue comes with bleeding, low blood platelet counts, blood plasma leakage, and low blood pressure.

There is no specific treatment for dengue. It is currently treated with pain management and supportive care. Severe dengue requires hospitalization, and intravenous fluids, platelets, or plasma transfusion may be necessary.

Prevention and vector control

Prevention is done by protecting yourself from dengue-spreading mosquitoes that are active during the day. Using mosquito net, insect spray, and mosquito repellent are effective to prevent mosquito bites.

Vector control to prevent mosquito breeding could be performed with routine cleaning of water storage, closing water storage to make it inaccessible to mosquito, disposing solid waste properly to not generate artificial mosquitos habitat, and applying appropriate insecticide to water storage (the 3M plus movements, just don't fall for the common abate scam)

Vector control with Wolbachia method

Recently, an initiative by World Mosquito Program using Wolbachia method to control spread of dengue by mosquitoes has been implemented.

Wolbachia is an obligate intracellular bacteria commonly found in insects and could be inherited through the maternal line. Mosquitoes infected with Wolbachia show increased resistance to DENV and inhibition of virus replication. By releasing Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes into the wild, the proportion of Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes in the population will increase. Over time, as more mosquitoes carry Wolbachia, the overall ability of the mosquito population to transmit dengue decreases.

In a trial conducted in 2017-2020 in Yogyakarta in cooperation with Tahija Foundation and Universitas Gajah Mada, this method resulted in 77% reduction in dengue incidence and 86% reduction in dengue hospitalizations.

Available vaccines

There are 2 commercially-available vaccines for dengue: Dengvaxia and Qdenga. Both are recombinant, live attenuated, tetravalent vaccines based on chimeric viruses.

Dengvaxia is the first licensed dengue vaccine in the world developed by Sanofi Pasteur. It uses yellow fever virus as the backbone with the prM and E regions substituted with those of the 4 DENV serotypes. It was approved by Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (BPOM) in 2016 for use in individuals aged 9-16 years. Based on data from clinical studies, the overall efficacy of the vaccine was 65.6%. It was able to prevent severe dengue cases by 93,2% and dengue-related hospitalizations by 80,8%.

However, follow-up study in 2017 found that vaccination with Dengvaxia could increase the risk of severe dengue and hospitalization in individuals who had never been infected with DENV before (seronegative). Now, it could only be administered to individuals who have previously been infected with DENV (seropositive).

Qdenga is a dengue vaccine developed by Takeda. It uses an attenuated strain of DENV-2 as the backbone with the prM and E regions substituted with those of the other 3 DENV serotypes. It was approved by BPOM in 2022 for use in individuals aged 6-45 years. The overall efficacy in preventing dengue fever was 80,2%, while its efficacy in preventing hospitalization was 95,4%. It showed good efficacy in both seropositive and seronegative individuals.

Sources and further readings:

u/system_chronos — 21 days ago
▲ 45 r/surabaya+1 crossposts

On this day seventeen years ago, the Suramadu National Bridge was inaugurated

On 10 June 2009, the Suramadu National Bridge was officially inaugurated by President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. Spanning approximately 5.4 kilometers, it became the longest bridge in Indonesia. It connects Surabaya City with Bangkalan Regency on Madura Island. Before the bridge was built, travel between Java and Madura relied on ferries operating between Ujung Port in Surabaya and Kamal Port in Bangkalan.

The idea of building a bridge connecting Surabaya and Madura was proposed as early as the 1960s during the era of President Soekarno. The project was formally initiated in 1990 through Presidential Decree No. 55 1990. However, it was halted following the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis. The project was revived during the administration of President Megawati Soekarnoputri, and construction officially began with the installation of foundation piles on 20 August 2003. After six years of construction, the bridge was completed and opened to the public in 2009, with construction costs reaching approximately Rp5 trillion.

When it was first opened, the bridge operated as a toll road. The toll fee ranged from Rp30.000-90.000 for cars and larger vehicles depending on vehicle class, while motorcycles were charged Rp3.000. The motorcycle toll was abolished in 2015, while car tolls were reduced by 50% in 2016. Finally, in 2018, the Suramadu Bridge was converted from a toll road into a non-toll public road, allowing all vehicles to cross free of charge.

The construction of the bridge aimed to stimulate economic development on the island. However, nearly two decades after its opening, the economic growth has been considered slower than expectation. In 2019, the poverty rate in Bangkalan remained among the highest in East Java. Moreover, the gross regional domestic product (GRDP) of Madura’s four regencies continued to lag behind other surrounding regencies of Surabaya such as Sidoarjo and Gresik. A previous study suggested that much of the economic improvement was driven by remittances from increased labor mobility rather than the growth of local industries.

Suramadu successfully connected Madura to Java, but the economic transformation of Madura requires more than just physical connectivity.

Sources:

Previous discussions about Suramadu in r/indonesia:

youtube.com
u/Boring_Presence9604 — 26 days ago