r/SpeculativeEvolution

[OC] the Kobold from my spec evo setting

Here’s the kobold from my spec evo setting! I decided to make them related to synapsid ,giving them mammal as well as reptilian features to reference the fact that kobolds in our pop culture are seen as pseudo lizardman ,but in Japan they’re dog people!
and from this idea stems the concept of high adaptability

the rest of the infos are in the image itself ,but if you have any questions I’ll be happy to answer :D

u/tachecaille — 3 days ago

[OC] Doomed Earth-Late Pnigmenoic, 490 my into the future

490 million years into the future, planet Earth has already begun to decay completely. The heat is unbearable, with an average temperature of 38 degrees. Carbon dioxide levels themselves are lower than current ones, but the growing size of the sun together with a massive supercontinent has fostered extreme global temperatures. At the same time, this has caused most terrestrial biota to be found mainly in the poles, coastal zones, or even underground.

1-Alaskian Peninsula: It is actually one of the most diverse ecoregions, where large forests and prairies relatively similar to those of the present day are still maintained, mainly due to its high humidity, but being at the equator, temperatures are very high.

2-Neolaurentia: What remains of present day North America has ended up becoming an immense desert that has expanded and consumed part of present day Africa. Biodiversity is low, but the coastal zones maintain a certain level of diversity, especially those in the north, featuring prairie ecosystems that receive large amounts of rainfall.

3-Alkebulan: What was formerly Africa eventually split apart and lost a great deal of land over time, mainly due to erosion and tectonic plate movements. Today it actually has a high biodiversity, supported mainly by the presence of large internal lakes that partially stabilize internal temperatures, forming oasis zones within the continent.

4-Boreal Lands: In the north of the planet remain the vestiges of what was once Europe. Due to its geographical position, the temperatures are the lowest on the planet, with pleasant temperatures during the summer (between 15 and 20 degrees Celsius), but which can drop to -15 degrees Celsius on the worst winter days. Even so, this has not prevented the emergence of unique native ecosystems.

5-Amalgamea: Accounting for almost half of the current landmass, Amalgamia is an immense continent that consequently presents a very wide variety of ecosystems within itself. Originally formed by Asia, it now also occupies part of Africa and the entirety of Oceania. Even so, it is one of the most extreme ecosystems, featuring an immense internal desert and dry steppes in coastal areas.

6-Abyayalia: The combination of South America and Antarctica ended up forming Abyayalia, a continent that separated from the rest of Pangaea Ultima and reunited recently, forming new mountain ranges. The strategic position of this continent has allowed it some of the most fertile and biodiversity-rich lands on the entire planet.

7-Isle of Tartaria: Originally born as a small archipelago that rose due to continental drift, but following the drop in sea level due to high evaporation, it became an island with an area three times that of Madagascar, containing its own unique biota just like the latter.

8-Zelartida: A small group of islands formed after the collision of Amalgamea and Abyayalia around 23 million years ago. It is generally a stepping stone island for many migratory organisms, but it also preserves its own ecosystems.

9-Neopaeanian Islands: The collision of the Pacific plate and the North American plate formed a chain of tropical islands that, after nearly 40 million years, has developed a native fauna very rich in biodiversity and has also given way to coral ecosystems and atolls.

10-Panmeridional Ocean: A large ocean occupying almost the entirety of the Southern Hemisphere. It has an average depth of 2,500 meters, but at some points almost reaches 7,000 meters.

11-Greenland Sea: A wide coastal zone with hundreds of islands and very stable temperatures. This area is considered a paradise, being one of the few regions that has maintained stable ecosystems for millions of years.

12-Pangeic Seas: The set of coastal zones of Amalgamea is known as the Pangeic Seas. Highly varied in ecosystems, these have recently resurfaced following the drop in sea level and are therefore quite recent.

13-Cardius Sea: It separated from the rest of the sea not long ago, causing currents to shift and fauna to evolve completely separately for millions of years. Surrounding it, it sustains some of the most vibrant and lush ecosystems on the planet.

14-Atlantis Lakes: Unlike the Cardius Sea, these have been separated from the rest of the sea for a very long time, around 90 million years. This has led local ecosystems to a unique specialization, in addition to possessing relict species that in many other ecosystems around the world have become completely extinct

u/Mountain_Body_3897 — 4 days ago

[Oc] Magiterra: Garden gnomes

The garden gnomes (Gnomus Paracelci)

Small, fast and annoying for most people these are all the traits that define the garden gnome the most wide spread and common of all the gnomes of Magiterra, these little creatins are herbivorous and feed on a variety of seeds, nuts and other plant materials specially.

For farmers specially grain Farmers these small tapejarids are bad news for business as theres never more then one gnome around, these little creatures are found of making burrows in which they live socially, a gnomes burrow may only have one dominant male at a time its quite easy to tell males apart as their crests (or hats as some call them) are big and pointy.

u/Yu_again27 — 4 days ago
▲ 214 r/SpeculativeEvolution+1 crossposts

[OC] GIANT CATERPILLARS

In the far future, a new clade of caterpillars that occupies the ambush predator niche appears:

They transformed their anal limbs on a kind of hooks that latch on a branch and their jaws adapted to retain and crush their prey.

They also developed bony rings that developed from minerals obtained from prey, serving to support that monumental mass.

For breathing, they developed a breathing system using many small lungs spread inside each ring of its body.

- The accordion movement: The caterpillar has no nose. It squeezes and stretches like an accordion, using its bony rings to pump air in and out of the lungs.

- Red blood: The air goes into a special blood (red like ours) that quickly carries oxygen to the muscles.

The largest species (on the illustration) can reach 3 meters of lenght and and impressive 450 or 650 damn kilograms of mass!!!

WHAT DO YOU THINK ABOUT IT?😉🐛

u/ciplip_art — 6 days ago

[OC] Look Who’s Back - 2 macropredators of the future oceans

I was completely exhausted and stressed from spectember on top of everything else, so I stopped pretty early. I decided for the last day I would come back. The title refers to what appears to be megalodon and livyatan returning in the future.

After the Anthropocene extinction wiped out larger marine species, vacant niches and different climates allowed for a brand new hyper-productive ocean ecosystem capable of supporting not one, but TWO giant predators.

On top is Gigaferesa monstro, a 13.5 meter descendant of the Pygmy killer whale that lives in small pods. On the bottom is Supralamma macrodus, a similarly-sized descendant of the porbeagle that is generally more solitary but can congregate in loose hunting groups.

Gigaferesa typically prefers to prey on smaller whales, while Supralamma prefers large, fully marine seals. However, there is a significant overlap in the two’s diet, thus they are fiercely competitive with and frequently attack one another.

u/Ok-Valuable-5950 — 12 days ago

[OC] Doomed Earth-The Cave Plants and the Houseraiders (490 m.y. into the future)

Since the mass extinction at the end of the Vrasmoic, approximately 50 million years ago, planet Earth entered the Pnigmenoic, an era in which only the clades best adapted to extreme conditions and the scarce resources available today have survived. During this mass extinction, the most affected group was, without a doubt, the plants. The increasingly intense heat from the Sun accelerated rock weathering and the carbon cycle, which caused a large portion of atmospheric carbon dioxide to gradually disappear. Aside from obviously reducing the greenhouse effect, this severely impacted plants, which could no longer perform photosynthesis because of the scarcity of carbon. This forced the few survivors to adapt to new ways of actively obtaining CO2, and one of the solutions led to the emergence of one of the most recognizable plant groups of the Pnigmenoic, the cave plants, organisms that, in exchange for protecting animals from the scorching Sun, obtained a constant source of carbon.

Among the immense variety of cave plant species, the most widely distributed is the bunker plants, organisms that use their roots to gradually open and widen a hollow beneath them up to a meter long, allowing larger animals to take shelter.

In this case, the tenant hosted by this plant is a juvenile individual of Houseraiders, a clade of prosopoboucalids specialized in raiding burrows, cave plants, and other hideouts where any animal might take refuge. Generally, they possess a specialized labial tip designed for this purpose, fleshy and sharp, which functions almost like a trunk that grabs its prey to drag it out from the safety of its home. If this fails, they have no option left but to use their legs to dig until reaching their target, which they will then proceed to impale. On the other hand, some common traits defining this clade include the presence of upper limbs adapted for detecting prey. Due to high daytime temperatures, like many other extant animal species, house breakers are almost entirely nocturnal, having largely abandoned eyesight and specialized their other senses. This has led to an emphasis on sensory structures, with their forearms and antennae fulfilling this function in this case, along with sensitive pads at the tips of their legs that allow them to detect subterranean vibrations and rainfall hundreds of meters away.

Precisely, one of the greatest enemies of cave plants is the clade Glossacaudata, a group belonging to the last descendants of bivalves that adapted to land by developing an originally fossorial lifestyle, which today is highly variable. This group developed asymmetry, possessing a U-shaped valve that surrounds the anterior portion of the foot, and another hood-shaped valve that protects most of the vital organs, right where the head would typically be located in most animals. On one side of this, it features a mouth equipped with sharp, beak-shaped radulae used to slice through the juicy roots of cave plants, while on the other side lie the respiratory system, formerly the siphons, and the anus. Finally, what appears to be the majority of its body is, in fact, its foot, which contains the reproductive organs, and in some cases part of the digestive system or even its own hearts

u/Mountain_Body_3897 — 11 days ago

[OC]Amazonian Savannah-10 milion years in the future

The amazonian rainforest were deforested during the Anthropocene,giving way to farms and pastures,but fragments of the forest survived in the Andes mountains and reserves.At the end of the anthropocene,the tropical forest grew again and biodiversity increased again,but as the warm conditions of the period after the Anthropocene ends,the climate cools down and the forests all over the world diminish,transforming into savannah and dry open forests,some areas still harbor tropical forests but they are in the mountains,Sundaland and other small refuges,the animals had to adapt to changes and evolved in new interesting forms.

1. Ascentor-Uakari

Size-1,75 m body length 95 kg in weight
Diet-Ungulates,small animals,roots,eggs

Ecology-Descendants of uakari of the Amazon Basin have evolved into carnivorous and omnivorous species and one of them is the saber tooth uakari.They are sociable living in packs of 10 members each,mating in the summer.Fangs have a role for the prey to break the trachea.

The frowning monkey (Miriboki doki)

Ascentor-Tarsiers
Size-30 cm body length 300 grams in weight
Diet-fruit,grass,insects

Ecology-The amazonian forest became savannah and tarsiers came down from the trees to live on the ground.These are small omnivores that will live in logs and burrows.They are solitary life.

The amazonian eucalyptus (Eucalyptulus amazonis)

Ascentor-Eucalyptus
Size-2,31m in height

Ecology-Eucalyptus was introduced to South America, became quite widespread after the Helocene, and the drying of the Amazonian Forest made it thrive and the extinction rate of Amazonian trees in the Helocene was very high,which means that eucalyptus and some surviving plants will occupy many niches of savannah trees,they bloom during the rainy season and dry in the dry season.

Iron Beak (Bastornis Major)

Ascentor-Red legged seriema
Size-2 m in height 65 kg in weight
Diet-meat

Ecology-During the Cenozoic there were many forms of terror birds for example-
-Gastornis from the Eocene of Europe 56 myh ago
-Kelenken from the Miocene of South America 15 myh ago
-Dromornis from the Miocene Australia 15 myh ago
-Titanis Walleri from Pliocene-Early Pleistocene of North America 5 myh ago-1,8 myh ago.
-Psiloperus from Oligocene-Late Pleistocene of South America 26 myh ago-100.000 years ago (The last terror bird recording from fossils,Red legged seriema are a very close relative of the terror bird).

10 milion years in the future the terror birds are re-evolved from Red legged seriema that survive the Helocene extinction.They kill their prey by striking the head with their beak,they make the victim die because of the broken head and blood vessels.

Brown Stalker Raccon (Notherium)

Ascentor-American Raccon
Size-3 m in height 850 kg in weight
Diet-meat,bones,grass,fruit

Ecology-During the Pliocene-Early Pleistocene of South America 5 myh ago,giant raccons lived now is Argentina,Venezuela and Columbia.

-Chapalmalania lived in most of South America at that time they were by the ice age that was approaching ,they weighed between 100-160 kg and 1,30 m.

The raccon evolved into an even larger form than its Pliocene counterpart,Chapalmalania ,even the size of the Grizzly bear that is an ambush predator.It stays in the bushes until an animal comes close enough to tear it apart,it is not fast enough to run the prey for long distances,but it does not bother to eat bones,grass,fruits.Bones are easily digested by their gastric juice ,therefore these large raccoons will be able to survive tens of million of years after the ice age ,they are adaptable and have a large diet.

,,The american ostrich,, (Loxobon Paleogna)

Ascentor-Rhea
Size-1,95 m in height 70 kg in weight
Diet-grass,seeds,insects

Ecology-Rhea during the anthropocene was a flightless bird that had the ability to run.It became the South American analogue of the ostrich.It is sociable living in groups of 5 then during the rainy season they mate.

Artyodon

Ascentor-African Hippos
Size-1,97 m in height 150 kg in weight
Diet-grass,seeds,leaf

Ecology-After hippos escapes from a private zoo owned by Pablo Escobar,the population of hippos grew and at the end of the annthropocene they began evolve towards new forms,even occupying niches of large animals from the Pliocene and Pleistocene,an example being Artyodon a descendant of hippopotamus that evolved convergently with primitive ungulates from the Eocene and Oligocene,they are herbivores that graze in the solitary in the savannah.In the mating season they go to a wooded place in the savannah whare they will mate in the rainy season,they only give birth to one baby.

Phonianes gigas

Ascentor-Anaconda
Size-10 m in height 270 kg in weight
Diet-meat

Ecology-Anaconda during the Anthropocene was not affected by deforestation, the ice age came and tropical forests dry in most of South America.These snakes have not changed much but the size has increased and their tongue has become like a sword that pierces the prey.

Colibrianis ikes

Ascentor-Sparkling violotear
Size-13-14 cm 7,5 g in weight
Diet-grass,sparrows

u/Adventurous-Tea-2461 — 12 days ago