
Tip of the Week - Best Way to Apply Loads and Boundary Constraints
This plate is supported on the four corners from a tie rod nut. The applied pressure is due to a hydraulic cylinder that mounts on the underside of the plate at the center. For the reactions in the corner, one might think this should be downward boundary constraints. However, this would be a mistake. It is much better to balance the applied loading in the vertical plane such that the tie rod nuts each apply one fourth of the upward cylinder load. Rather than a rigid constraint, an applied downward pressure is recommended.
However, to keep the model stable, boundary constraints are required. A recommended option is to select a node in each corner and constrain it in Y, or vertical in this case. Next add X constrains to the two rear corners, which are into the page. Finally, fix Z (left to right) in the left rear corner. When the model runs, we should see very low loads at these nodes since the applied loading is balanced, but the model should not have a rigid body movement. Furthermore, the upward deflection (shown above) has a reference in the corners of zero where the Y constraints are located. I hope this is useful for your simulations.
from Anthony Rante, P.E. author of "Managing Company Production thru the Bill of Material" and “FEA Applications in Machine Design”