r/latin

Leges Americae asseruntur in litoribus barbarorum nam ordo surgit. Terram Indianorum vincendam esse censemus nam imperium novos Romanos resurgere facit. Insurgentes Americae surgunt ad tyrannum regem Britanniae occidendum.

Auctoritas Augusti nascitur in rei publicae Americanae ruinis. Terra maiorum nostrorum aedificata in umbra Troiae est. 

Virtus maiorum asseritur in legibus virorum et gloria imperii. 

Salvete Caesar Attilaque, potentiae senatus vale dicite, imperium Romuli moritur. Aedificia rei publicae maiorumque ardebunt gladio barbarorum. Spiritus Romuli renascitur in urbe Vasintonii, ubi resurrexit. 

Imperium Romae renascitur ex morte filii Romuli resurgent.

Domus animae quae Imperium resurgere facit, gloria Belisarii animaque Vasingtonii. 

Successor Augusti signum Constantini dicit "Εν τούτω Νίκα".

hi! i’m having some trouble with second-class adjectives because i’m not sure how to decline them, i don't quite know how to tell the difference between adjectives with three endings, two endings, and one ending. could someone explain how to identify them and how their declension works? thank you!

Mi piacerebbe iniziare a scrivere lettere (fisiche) con qualcuno in latino per esercitarmi. Sarebbe ancora più affascinante se si usassero pseudonimi e non si sapesse niente (o poco) della vita dell’altro.

It's one of the 5 cardinal signs of inflammation that means loss of function. YouTube yields no results. Latin dictionaries either don't provide a pronunciation or they just don't have that phrase at all. I resorted to LLMs and they say it's pronounced as "Approximately: FOONK-tee-oh LAEH-sah" or "functio laesa → /ˈfuŋk.ti.oː ˈlae̯.sa/."

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Are there certain dative constructions in real Latin texts which cannot be explained with any other uses of the dative (dative of indirect object; of purpose; of reference; etc.) except by classifying them as the dative of compound verb? I mean, is that category helpful and necessary for understanding some dative constructions, or does it cause more confusion? Can you give some examples of instances where the dative of compound verb is the only possible way to explain the given construction?

Latin grammars such as Allen & Greenough §370 and Woodcock §62 have explanations of the dative of compound verb, but the late Harm Pinkster, the author of The Oxford Latin Syntax, wrote an article in which he casts doubt on the whole idea, and he basically says it's fake:

>What I have tried to suggest is that, apart from those compounds that can be seen as modifications of simple verbs that govern the dative already, the dative with most compounds can be explained by referring to one or more (classes of) verbs with a similar meaning, or – especially in creative texts – by assuming a more complicated bridge, which is non the less semantic.

I understand that the whole business of classifying and dividing all the usages of one case into different categories is somewhat artificial, but I would like to know if you think the dative of compound verb is a helpful and necessary idea. We will never know, but debate now please.

The text begins in \"Aesc.\" and finishes in \":\".

I was reading the text above and have found the clause "ac functiones, intrumento unicuique suas ... subministrat" difficult to understand. Searching, I came accross the phrase "Suum cuique redde", which totally makes sense in the context above. I think, in a direct order, the sentence is: "ac subministrat functiones suas unicuique instrumento".

My question is: Is it common that the possessive adjective appear after his substantive, sepparated by a comma? (It's a Renaissance text) That seens so odd to me, it was the last thing I thought the possessive refered to.