r/linuxquestions

Why does Linux not need anti-virus software?

I'm in the market for a new gaming laptop and wanted to avoid AI products like Copilot and realized Linux would be my only option. So I'm trying to learn as much about Linux Mint as possible to see if it would be right for me. I'm really close to pulling the trigger but I don't understand why Linux doesn't need anti-virus/malware software. All the answers I can find seem to just boil down to "Linux isn't used by enough people to justify the time it would take to create a virus or malware" or "because you approve everything you download". As someone who has used a PC their entire life, these answers genuinely don't make sense to me and I feel like maybe I'm missing something about either the nature of linux or the nature of viruses/malware and how they work. Everyone on forums who ask this question seem to just accept these answers but no one explains why either one prevents the need for antivirus/malware software.

From my perspective as a PC user, I already approve what I download so this answer doesn't make intuitive sense to me. I would never connect a PC to the internet without some sort of anti-virus software, privacy software, malware protection, etc. even though I still know what I'm downloading and I'm using reputable websites (and my AVG software is still catching stuff all the time). And the idea that someone wouldn't make a virus or malware to target a group of people (albeit a minority) who are the most likely to not have software on their computer to combat it seems like the exact group you'd want to target particularly for private data mining.

It also seems, from what I've been reading about Linux that you can seriously screw up your system by downloading something incorrectly or that isn't up to date, so the idea that "you can't get viruses or malware because you approve what is downloaded" when so many of the user tips with regard to Linux are "back up your system constantly because you can easily screw up your system by downloading something that's not fully patched". These two concepts seem counterintuitive, especially for an OS that will require downloading a lot of third party programs to be able to run things like games or windows-based programs.

I'm clearly missing something here because neither of the reasons I've seen people give for why Linux doesn't need this stuff is really making sense to me. I was hoping someone in this reddit might be able to explain this in a way a lifelong PC user without any sort of computer background can understand. The idea of not having anything but a firewall on a computer with Linux installed on it makes me very uncomfortable but I'm willing to accept that this is a bias from using PCs and I'm willing to be convinced otherwise as long as I can understand the reasoning behind it.

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u/medkltty — 7 hours ago

My girlfriend is interested in Linux?

For context, my girlfriend has a crappy laptop, I mentioned to her that running Linux instead of Windows 11 may not be such a bad idea if all she plays on there is Sims 4 and Minecraft. I told her it may run a bit better, she was complaining about how slow the laptop was. I recommended Linux Mint to her because I enjoyed using that distro and it is easy to navigate for an ex-windows user, not to mention it is light on how much RAM it uses, and that was the main issue of the laptop.

However, after a few months of Mint, she mentioned to me today that she would actually be interested in trying more distros. I was very surprised because she is not necessarily as tech savvy as I am, and she never even heard of Linux until I mentioned it to her. What should I recommend to her? I have no clue what to recommend because she isn't as tech savvy. Any ideas?

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u/AwesomeGearBoy — 9 hours ago

Anybody else write custom BASH functions for repetitive tasks?

Over the last few years, I've built a collection of "function cheats" for things I'm always doing in the terminal that I've dropped into /etc/bash.bashrc and ~/.bashrc, and I'm wondering if anybody else does the same thing.

For example, back when I was working on a Flatpak project, and needed to test the source under different Python versions, I wrote a function called "pyvenv" for managing Python virtual environments that utilizes PythonZ to create, use, and manage Python Virtual Environments (VENVs). You can give it nothing, and it will ask for everything. Give it some, and it will ask for whatever's missing. Give it everything, and it asks for nothing.

It's a very handy one-line shortcut that does a lot of heavy lifting for me.

I've also implemented functions that remap cp and mv to a same-name wrapper that does rsync calls instead, a whole slew of ffmpeg cheats, and most recently, my newest project, which I called "nuke" - a pattern-matched, staged deletion. With recursion.

I'm not talking just simple alias definitions. These are full on, proper functions:

# ffmpeg cheats
mix() {
    echo -e "Merging $1 and $2 into $3."
    ffmpeg -i "$1" -i "$2" -c:v copy -map 0:v -map 1:a -y "$3"
}

ffmp4() {
    echo -e "Converting $1 to ${1%.*}.mp4."
    ffmpeg -i "$1" -codec copy "${1%.*}.mp4"
}

ffmkv() {
    echo -e "Converting $1 to ${1%.*}.mkv."
    ffmpeg -i "$1" -codec copy "${1%.*}.mkv"
}

I first started using Linux when I was in college, back in the late '90s, and right away, I was extremely impressed by how much more functional Linux shell scripts could be, ESPECIALLY compared to the batch files on DOS and Windows I was used to from high school.

So now I'm curious to know if anybody else does things like this, or if I'm just strange. Every time I have a new idea for one of these, and even still, after twenty years, each time I try to tell my wife, she just rolls her eyes and says something like, "Isn't there an app or something that does that?" or "But why is it always text mode?", or "Will it take out the kitchen garbage or recycling? No? Don't care."

So now I'm here, taking my case to strangers and fellow nerds, on the interwebs. 😜

I'm not going to violate Rule 3 with links, but if YOU'RE curious, you can Google me + GitHub - I'm not hard to find. 😜

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u/EvilSupahFly — 7 hours ago
▲ 3 r/linuxquestions+1 crossposts

Which Linux tool or utility deserves more attention?

For me, btop is a great terminal activity manager. Also, YouTube TUI is better and faster than I thought, plus there are no ads! A few others i loved include dc, tmux, and pv.

So tell me Which Linux tool or utility deserves more attention?

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u/Individual-Editor-41 — 9 hours ago
▲ 5 r/linuxquestions+2 crossposts

Styluses, school, and linux (PLEASE HELP ME)

I'm aware that when it comes to finding "the right distro" what's best is to experiment until you find one. The issue is, I put this off until one week before school and I'm in desperate need of putting an operating system on my laptop (I do have experience with arch on another laptop that i dont daily drive)

I just need something lightweight that's relatively simple (i was considering cachyOS?). I also have to admit, im unsure how stylus compatibility works. I recently bought a "Active Stylus" Pen and i just want to make sure it would still work with a different OS. it doesnt have a tablet or anything that comes with it, it just works directly on the screen (the laptop is an omnibook btw). I mainly want to use the stylus for drawing and notetaking

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u/Imaginary-Opposite40 — 11 hours ago
▲ 2 r/linuxquestions+1 crossposts

Which DE is better for first time user coming from windows 11

I chose Fedora 44 for stability and modern features, I want to know which DE is better between Gnome 50 and KDE Plasma 6.7 in terms of performance, stability and support. My device is a HP laptop with Ryzen 5 5600H cpu and nvidia 1650 mobile gpu with 16gb ram. I am an entry level software dev and like to make projects on weekends and I don't want any down time because of my desktop environment unless it's inevitable.

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u/_tailung — 21 hours ago
▲ 0 r/linuxquestions+1 crossposts

Intel BE211 Bluetooth @Lunar Lake not working.

Using Intel Core Ultra 7 258V with Intel BE211. Does anyone getting bluetooth running with linux and this combination?

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u/MGCommander — 16 hours ago

Non-tech guy thinking of switching from Windows 11 to Linux — what distro should I try?

Hey guys, I’m from a non-engineering/non-tech background and I’ve been using Windows 11 for a while. But honestly, I’m kinda bored with it now, and I’ve also started having some privacy concerns, so I thought I’d give Linux a try.

The only thing is, I’m not really a techy person and I don’t want to spend my whole time in the terminal 😅. I’m looking for something that has a nice, modern UI and is easy to use, kinda like Windows in terms of simplicity.

So, what distro would you guys recommend for a complete beginner?

Would love to hear your suggestions, especially if you’ve switched from Windows to Linux yourself. Thanks!

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u/dowrynegotiiatorr — 2 days ago

Distro for a 10-year old PC

Hi all, I got my HP "Envy" Laptop in 2014 and it's reached a stage where it can't sustain a video call and a browser session simultaneously on Windows 11. I suspect this is a software rather than a hardware issue because it was fine until a few weeks ago.

I've used Linux in the past and loved it and this seems like a good opportunity to go back in the hopes that I can extend the use-able lifetime of my machine, but I'm concerned that the most recent versions of Ubuntu and Mint might present the same issues I'm having with Windows 11, if they are assuming more processing power than I actually have.

So I'm hoping for something that's secure out of the box and that will be able to run modern software on an older machine. (Nothing crazy - I'm not editing video or doing serious rendering or anything) Maybe what I'm asking for doesn't exist, but hoping it will turn out Ubuntu or something will do the job fine.

Any recommendations / thoughts?

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u/Realistic-Sky8006 — 1 day ago
▲ 12 r/linuxquestions+1 crossposts

Replacing ChromeOS With Linux?

Hi there, I know very little about literally anything related to linux or about tech in generally so please be patient with me. I was wondering if they're is any way for me to comepletely replace the ChromeOS on my laptop with linux and if someone could tell me how to? I have a Acer Chromebook 315 CB315-4H Series. Please and thank you.

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u/fernthefrog14 — 1 day ago

What file system to use for external drive

I'm getting an external drive for movies and TV series that is mostly going to spend its time plugged into my linux computer (CachyOS) but occasionally will want to plug into windows machines as well. I have some large files (4k movies) so I can't use exFAT.

Edit: I got my bytes mixed up, I thought the size limit was 16gigabytes, not exabytes. Will look into this option further!

Need advice on what filesystem to use. Im a bit wary of using NTFS since I don't have a windows install so I can't reformat it if something goes wrong but I also hear that Linux file systems don't play nice with Windows.

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u/TheOnlySeal — 2 days ago

helping my spouse transition from macos to linux

Hi folks! I guess this is half “which distro” and half advice seeking, but I have finally convinced my partner that he needs to switch from macOS to a linux distro on his 2017 macbook air. He is able to navigate his computer but is not super interested in tech, and I am the more experienced user! I am running debian on my server and my desktop and have been debating if it would be better just to run debian on his machine as well.

My question is if I should let him cycle through distros to find which one works best for him, or to throw debian on there to make it easier for me to troubleshoot if things go awry? I am really just hoping to make the transition as smooth as humanly possible for him!

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u/yungoul — 2 days ago
▲ 16 r/linuxquestions+1 crossposts

Would you use a distribution developed in russia?

I just find it curious why cachyos has got some popularity. Is it because people don’t check who is behind their os?

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u/AboveTheHor1zon — 3 days ago

Hi yall pls help me with this one. finally tryna switch to Linux

Hey everyone,

I'm planning to switch from Windows to Fedora GNOME on my laptop (Lenovo LOQ 15AX9 - Specs: Intel i5-12600HX, RTX 3050).

Before making the jump, I have a few specific questions about daily usage, gaming, and system management:

Lenovo Vantage features: Since Vantage isn't on Linux, how do you manage power modes, quiet mode, and setting the battery charge limit (conservation mode)? Does the Fn + Q shortcut still work out of the box?

NVIDIA Driver Support: How straightforward is setting up the proprietary NVIDIA drivers for the RTX 3050 on Fedora, especially with Secure Boot enabled?

BIOS / Firmware Updates: How do you safely update the BIOS on a Lenovo laptop without Windows? Does Lenovo support fwupd / GNOME Firmware on Linux, or do I need a bootable USB?

Xbox Game Pass: Does PC Game Pass work on Linux at all, or am I strictly limited to Xbox Cloud Gaming through a browser?

Minecraft & Game Repacks: How well do custom/offline Minecraft launchers run on Fedora? Also, how smooth is installing and running repacks (FitGirl, etc.) using Wine, Lutris, or Heroic?

Battery Life: Will the battery life be noticeably worse than Windows on a hybrid/NVIDIA gaming laptop, and what's the best way to optimize it?

Dev & Creative Apps: Do VS Code and Blender work fine out of the box? Any issues with NVIDIA CUDA/acceleration in Blender?

(P.S. I am completely new to Linux and still learning how everything works, so sorry if some of these questions sound basic or annoying! Thanks a lot for the help!)

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u/antiqamm — 1 day ago

How make this setup more light?

Distro: Debian Testing

Firmware: Libreboot

Init: OpenRC

DE: LXDE + Fluxbox

IDE: Lite Xl

Browser: Lynx

Terminal: xterm

Shell: ZSH

Login manager: TTY

File Manager: pcmanfm

Office: Onlyoffice

Package manager: Aptitude

Media Player: MPV

Network manager: Connman

Gerenciador de senhas: KeepassXC

Torrent: rtorrent

Dock: Cairo Dock

Virtualização: Qemu/KVM+Virt. Manager

DNS: Pi-hole

AppStore: Linux Toys

Captura de tela: maim

Particionamento: cfdisk

Ram Swap: 16gb

Filesystem do /: F2FS (criptografado+sem checkpoint)

Conky: Sim

Ponteiro do mouse: vermelho

Firewall: UFW

Cybersec: nmap

Ps: I didnt like CLI

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u/FunkBRePornoDeCego — 1 day ago
▲ 0 r/linuxquestions+1 crossposts

Fedora KDE Plasma ricing

so i want to have some tipps for advanced Fedora KDE Plasma ricing (customization) because i have already tried waywallen, sddm-astronaut-theme, etc. and i already tried other distros like ubuntu, arch, cachyos, omarchy, bazzite, ... so i just wanted to ask for advanced tipps for ricing and i am NOT afraid of the Console. AND i dislike anime girls.

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u/Attalaiovych — 2 days ago

Tinker Distro/setup for everyday use

So i want to setup my new Laptop for everyday use.

I use it mostly for browsing, notes, game Dev (via Godot engine), light gaming.

I like Tinkering and have experience with arch and a bit with hyprland i am open to try anithying out.

The Laptop has a AMD CPU and 16GB of DDR5 Ram.

I would like some distro and de/wm recomadations.

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u/Bananaking593 — 1 day ago

People who became kernel developer's what's your story?.

People who became kernel developer's what's your story to start with?. How did you learned to develop what did you learned?. Worst mistakes?. Drop your story people would like to hear.

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u/Hopeful_Rabbit_3729 — 2 days ago

How to run old games like Commandos, Desperados on Linux?

I have their original Windows DVDs, but want to run them on Linux. I've tried with Wine a couple of months ago, but failed.

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u/vmcrash — 2 days ago