Islam allows child marriage
And no, I'm not going to talk about Aisha.
I'm going to quote the Quran, whose authenticity no muslim can deny.
Quran 4:6: "Test ˹the competence of˺ the orphans until they reach a marriageable age. Then if you feel they are capable of sound judgment, return their wealth to them."
This verse clearly states two different thresholds for the handing over of property to orphans. First they need to reach a marriageable age. And at this point, they can get married. Then they need to be tested for sound judgement for the handing over of property.
If you read the verse clearly, sound judgement is not included in the "marriageable age", it comes after the completion of marriageable age. Therefore, marriageable age in this context means puberty only.
If sound judgment were part of the definition of marriageable age, there would be no reason for the Quran to introduce sound judgment as a separate test afterward. The sequence is unmistakable: first they reach the age considered suitable for marriage; then their judgment is evaluated for the separate purpose of determining whether they can receive control of their property. If sound judgement was included in the marriageable age, then this verse would become grammatically incorrect.
That distinction matters because it means the Qur’an does not establish full intellectual or psychological maturity as a prerequisite for marriage. It establishes a marriageable threshold and a separate threshold for financial competence. If a person has reached the former but not the latter, the verse's structure still makes sense: they can be marriageable while not yet being sufficiently judicious to control their property