[7.0] Belyi Tsar, primordial humans, Arks and the Twins
The following theory contains spoilers from An Ark That Used To Be A Soul WQ line.
I'll start by saying that this WQ was one of my favorites in Genshin ever. Everything about it was pure cinema.
It was so philosophical and thought provoking, with extremely clever storytelling and writing, and this is exactly why I love Genshin's lore so much.
In the first part, we meet Nastya, who yearns to go "home", and "home" for her is being a part of a tree that is a collective consciousness made by Koshchei, a researcher from Hyperborea/Snezhnaya.
Koshchei is likely inspired from Slavic folklore figure called Koshchei the Deathless, which is said to have achieved immortality by rebirth - and more practically by separating his life force from his physical body to achieve pseudo immortality, a theme echoed throughout the quest.
We see a similar idea with Pavlina and the Snegoviks. Snegoviks are artificial Fae created with incomplete souls, and normally need a human who loves them to share their soul in order to become complete. Pavlina wanted to free them from this dependency, and planned to use the "soul-water" power contained within Ikhor to give complete souls to the existing Snegoviks herself. Another attempt at allowing life to transcend the limits it was created with.
Aksiniya was the Belyi Tsar's adopted daughter, and alongside Koshchei, Pavlina and Alvis, was one of the researchers of the Hvergelmir Institute. They were all pursuing transcendence, but they didn't necessarily agree on what that transcendence should look like.
Koshchei pursued immortality through rebirth and collective consciousness. Pavlina wanted to free the Snegoviks from their dependence on human souls. Alvis had his own ambitions and eventually opposed Aksiniya. Aksiniya's ideal was much more extreme: the Courtyard of Carefree Light, where everyone would be assimilated into a higher existence without change, pain or separation. Individuality would naturally be lost in the process as well.
The difference between their approach/ideal is interesting and is being echoed throughout the quest. It actually reminded me of Rene de Petrichor (who had the collective consciousness approach like Aksiniya - the more extreme view), and the others who were more moderate.
The quest keeps asking what humanity should actually do with transcendence if it becomes possible, and whether salvation is still salvation when individuality has to disappear for it to work.
Nevertheless it seems that each of their views on this would include the concept of primordial human or the components of it.
Goggles is the Proto-Man, essentially the raw consciousness and soul needed for that project. The Primordial Human is the completed divine state: that consciousness assimilated into a Cosmic Body and combined with Divine Will/Authority.
So the way I understand it, the Proto-Man (Goggles) alone is the soul, missing a body and a will/authority.
I have to say I didn't understand if that soul is the same one that reincarnates without memories, and if the third descender and the voyager are linked to it somehow. The notes scattered in the palace definitely make me think that they do but I if so, I didn't quite understand, so if anyone did please share your thoughts :)
---
Anyway it seems that humans have body, soul and will, while gods have body, soul and authority. Descenders are defined by a will capable of rivaling the world.
The Belyi Tsar was himself Hyperborea's earlier attempt at creating a Primordial Human. His body was forged using the flesh and blood of the Cryo Dragon Sovereign, giving him access to its Authority.
But Aksiniya explicitly tells us that the Belyi Tsar was not a Descender, so how does that work?
He had the body and Authority, but his creation was never properly completed. Something may have happened later that allowed him to fulfill the role Hyperborea originally created him for. My guess is that the missing element involved will, specifically a will capable of rivaling the world.
Also, after Nibelung's death, the position of the Primordial Human is said to have remained vacant. The Belyi Tsar later tasked his researchers with finding "the stairway leading to the vacant seat in the court of the stars".
So it sounds like there is in fact a position meant for a being like the Primordial Human, with the entire project ultimately being about creating someone capable of occupying it instead of the HP.
{*Also, it sounds to me like this 'seat' is not actually of the entity that rules the world (HP in that case), but of said entity's 'avatar'}
And I think this could parallel Asmoday and the Abyss Sibling.
The Abyss Sibling came from outside Teyvat, yet they're recorded in Irminsul and aren't considered a Descender. The Belyi Tsar gives us a precedent for a Primordial Human candidate who wasn't initially a Descender either. Maybe whatever process was meant to complete him is similar to what Asmoday wants to do with our sibling.
In that scenario, Asmoday parallels Aksiniya and the Abyss Sibling parallels the Belyi Tsar.
There's also the possibility that Asmoday needs both twins. The Primordial Human myth describes Light and Darkness coexisting within a single body, which fits the twins and where their paths have taken them. Asmoday may eventually intend to merge them into her own Primordial Human.
And then there's the title: An Ark That Used To Be A Soul.
After everything this quest establishes about consciousness, rebirth and assimilation, I think an Ark could be connected to what a Descender actually is.
The literal interpretation would be a collective consciousness, similar to Koshchei and Aksiniya's ideas: one being containing many souls and carrying them through the destruction or rebirth of the world.
But the quest also spends a lot of time showing why that idea is disturbing. Nastya loses her individuality within the collective, while Aksiniya's perfect world eventually removes choice altogether (the part where you see the primordial human and then you see names of users who play the game on the branches - damn that was such a clever and compelling way of conveying this idea).
Alvis and the other researchers having different ideas about transcendence reinforces the same question: if everyone has to become one, whose idea of paradise actually wins?
So maybe an Ark carries wills rather than literally assimilating souls.
Descenders already have wills capable of rivaling the world. The Traveler has also been described by Melusines as something resembling a monster capable of swallowing the entire world in a single bite.
Maybe "swallowing the world" means being capable of carrying it.
We've seen the Traveler carry other people's wishes, ambitions and hopes, with those collective wills becoming real power at crucial moments. An Ark could work the same way on a much larger scale: one individual retaining their own identity while carrying the wills of countless others.
That could explain why the vacant seat needs a Descender-level being. Whoever occupies it may effectively carry the will of the world and determine its future - whether if it's a bleak Rene/Aksiniya collective consciousness, or something more like a morally and mentally powerful individual that can lead the world and carry the wills of an entire world because the people believe in them.
So Maybe every Descender is ultimately an Ark (Teyvat = Ark in Hebrew) or at least has the capacity to become one - and current Teyvat is Phanes' idea of an ark. But these ideas and approaches of an Ark can be wildly different depending on the Descender.
And maybe that's what Asmoday is trying to create from the Abyss Sibling, or from both twins together: a Primordial Human capable of reaching the vacant seat and shape the world according to her ideal.