u/Toeffli

What do you think would be considerably different if Switzerland's population said yes to joining the EEC in 1992 and then would have subsequently joined the EU in 1995 together with Austria, Finland, and Sweden?

Inspiriert vo dem Pfoschte da: https://www.reddit.com/r/vexillology/comments/1u8d46s/unknown_flag_next_to_lower_saxony/

Welli Schwiizer Dorffahne würd a dä WM bime Länder Spiil vo dä Nati am meischte Verwirrig stifte bzw. wäri d GEIS unter dä Fahne?

What to you call the water which lies between Dover on one side and Calais, Dunkirk on the other side? Best if you could provide the name in your own language and a literal translation, its meaning, into English.

Example German:

Ärmelkanal = Sleeve channel.

By blind and naïve assumption I would expect that drug test also shows a line when certain substances are present. Why is it for drug testing otherwise? What is the rational behind this?

Note: I kind of understand, that the drug somehow binds to the test area, and then prevents the substance which would turn it red, can no longer bind. Or as Wikipedia says:

>Urine drug testing is an immunoassay based on the principle of competitive binding. Drugs which may be present in the urine specimen compete against their respective drug conjugate for binding sites on their specific antibody. During testing, a urine specimen migrates upward by capillary action. A drug, if present in the urine specimen below its cut-off concentration, will not saturate the binding sites of its specific antibody. The antibody will then react with the drug-protein conjugate and a visible colored line will show up in the test line region of the specific drug strip

Also what does "drug conjugate"/"drug-protein conjugate" mean in this context? If I search on Google, all it gives me is some advanced cancer treatments.

If one does long subtraction of multiple subtrahends, doesn't borrowing/regrouping become very ugly and cumbersome?

Example:

  53208
 -  387
 - 1832
 - 1239
 ───────
      ?

Doing it with the Austrian method, where you write the borrowed digits as an additional "subtrahend" you get, step by step:

  53208      53208      53208      53208      53208
 -  387     -  387     -  387     -  387     -  387
 - 1832     - 1832     - 1832     - 1832     - 1832
 - 1239     - 1239     - 1239     - 1239     - 1239
(-   1 )   (-  21 )   (- 221 )   (-1221 )   (-1221 )
 ───────     ───────    ───────     ───────    ───────
      0         50        750       9750      49750

Recipe: You go from least to most significant column of digits. You sum them up, figure how much you have to borrow and calculate the difference. Now here comes the part where we do things differently. We do not regroup the minuend (the term we subtract from), but we write borrowed digit under the next column, like it is an extra subtrahend. As usual we write difference under current column to get our result. We proceed in this way with the remaining columns, but now also take the additional subtrahend into account.

Example for the first column, the sum of the subtrahend digits is 9+2+7=18. As 8 < 18 we have to borrow 1. Difference 18 - 18 = 0. Write a 1 in our additional subtrahend, write a 0 in the result.

Next column we have 1 + 3 + 3 + 8 = 15. As 0 < 15 we have to borrow 2. Difference 20 - 15 = 5. Write a 2 in our additional subtrahend, write a 5 in the result.

Third column we have 2 + 2 + 8 + 3 = 15. As 2 < 15 we have to borrow 2. Difference 22 - 15 = 7. Write a 2 in our additional subtrahend, write a 7 in the result.

Fourth column we have 2 + 1 + 1 = 4. As 3 < 4 we have to borrow 1. Difference 13 - 4 = 9. Write a 1 in our additional subtrahend, write a 9 in the result.

Last column we have 1 = 1. As 5 > 1 we have do not have to borrow. Difference 5 - 1 = 4. Write a 4 in the result.

Finished.

Now, if I use classic borrowing/regrouping I cannot even type it up nicely. Which means I leave for you as an exercise you can do on paper.

What Do you think? Did you know the Austrian method? Why is borrowing/regrouping still learned when we can do it nicer?