r/atlantis

Göbekli Tepe: Why We Know Hunter-Gatherers Built It

Göbekli Tepe is one of the most remarkable archaeological discoveries ever made. Built more than 11,500 years ago in southeastern Turkey, its enormous T-shaped limestone pillars, elaborate animal carvings, and monumental structures have transformed our understanding of the people who lived at the end of the Ice Age.

But Göbekli Tepe has also become the focus of extraordinary claims. Was it the work of a forgotten advanced civilization? Did its builders possess mysterious lost technology? Or does the archaeological evidence tell a very different—and ultimately more fascinating—story?

In this video, professor Marc J. Defant examines what archaeologists have actually discovered at Göbekli Tepe: its age, stone tools, hunting evidence, food remains, quarrying and construction methods, monumental architecture, and the newer evidence suggesting that people actually lived at the site.

He also revisits the debate with Graham Hancock on The Joe Rogan Experience and examines the idea that hunter-gatherers could not have created something as sophisticated as Göbekli Tepe.

The evidence points toward an extraordinary conclusion—not that an unknown advanced civilization built Göbekli Tepe, but that we have seriously underestimated what prehistoric hunter-gatherers were capable of accomplishing.

I've been building a fictional world called unKnown world of Ída for several years, combining worldbuilding, fantasy history, character design, maps, military history and visual storytelling into one long-term art-book project.

At its core, Ída is an attempt to create the history of a world that never existed but it should feel familiar.

I'm interested in imagining how ancient civilizations might have developed, migrated, fought, traded and influenced one another over centuries. The world draws inspiration from prehistoric cultures to early middle ages, ancient archaeology and mythology and the history of warfare, but everything is reinterpreted and developed into its own fictional history.

A major part of the project is the design of its warriors. Rather than simply creating fantasy characters based on an aesthetic, I try to design each warrior as a product of their culture, environment, technology, traditions and way of fighting (let's say more grounded in history).

Their weapons, armor, shields, clothing, colors and visual symbols are therefore connected to the history and identity of the people they belong to.

The map above shows one period of Ída and some of the cultures and warriors I've developed for it in last year. There are many different civilizations, tribes and historical periods and eras within the world, and I'm gradually building their stories and conflicts into a larger chronological history.

The Rise of the Atlanteans, for example, is just one of these stories. It tells the story of the Atlanteans and their invasion of Ída, but it is only one chapter within a much larger history that I'm currently developing.

I've recently brought this particular story together into an illustrated fantasy history documentary, combining my character designs, illustrations, maps, animated army movements and landscape footage.

I would like to share here a link to a documentary video I made about it (if anyone is interested)?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BrIoPtoWims

if interested in the Kings of shuruppak and his son. here are some instructions.
https://dn720002.ca.archive.org/0/items/instructions-of-shuruppak/Instructions_of_Shuruppak.pdf

Much of the Book of Deuteronomy is based on these instructions.

Original Word: תּוֹרָה
Part of Speech: Noun Feminine
Transliteration: towrah
Pronunciation: toh-RAH
Phonetic Spelling: (to-raw')
KJV: law
NASB: law, instruction, laws, teaching, custom, instructions
Word Origin: [from H3384 (יָרָה יָרָא - teach)]

The Great Plain was said to be around 10,000 stadia in perimeter.

10 stadia equals roughly 1 mile.

This feature is around 1000 miles in perimeter, rectangular, relatively even and shielded from the North and West by mountains, with the natural fractures that could have served as canals.

There are also bonus elements in this video.

I asked AI to produce an image of Atlantis based on the description that appears in Plato's dialogues Timaeus and Critias, written around 360 BCE. I thought it was fascinating!