
flower pot bee
Those are cymbidium terrestrial orchid roots, common balcony ornamental here in Portugal. I watered the plant this morning, and apparently disturbed the nest, as this bee spent the next few minutes digging mud out of its nest.
I guess this is loosely speaking a leaf cutter bee. I've seen some evidence of real leaf cutters, but not so much really lately, and I'm not saying this bee actually does that, just a family trait. This one is pretty big, almost the size of a small bumblebee. Inaturalist didn't turn up any real convincing suggestion.