r/LawPH

Most of the mass shootings happening here are school shootings, but mass shootings can happen anywhere. So if a legal gun owner intervenes in the event and eliminates the shooter before they can kill more people, would the gun owner be in trouble for it?

Addendum: Also, if the gun owner has a rifle, can they also use the rifle? I know that civilians can't carry rifles for self-defense, but this is in the case where either the shooting happened nearby, or the owner happened to be driving to the range and wanted to use his rifle.

Addendum 2: If a civilian who does not have any license to own a firearm nor even has one, but does know how to operate and use it effectively, happened to have access to another person's gun with the owner's permission and knowledge, would the two face trouble if it is used to eliminate the shooter?

my TL is considering punishing those who take unplanned VLs in our team. planned are those filed 1 week before. others will be considered unplanned and automatically be equal 1.5 days of VL. just asking how legal this is before raising it to HR probably tomorrow

Hi!

I recently undergo cervical cerclage due to incompetent cervix.
Am I qualified to avail the Magna Carta Leave? Advised by OB to bedrest until delivery.

I already asked our Company Nurse, di daw covered pag pregnancy related, tho wala naman nakalagay sa RA 9710 that excludes it, basta nakalagay lang who undergoes gynecological surgery.

Thanks!

With all the mass shooting incidents na nangyayare nowadays sa mga schools; I just want to ask some questions, as it seems na hindi pa to nangyayare here sa Pilipinas:

a. If a student, eh armed, and walking around the school, and a teacher/security/adult personnel pinned him down, before sya maging aggressive, liable ba sa batas yung nag pin down sa kanya?

b. If in the middle of school shooting, an adult school personnel accidentally killed the shooter, as act of defending the other students, liable ba sya sa batas?

c. Same as b, but lighter, but resulting to injury or permanent disability?

Also, sorry if may makakabasa na possible matrigger.

Background: As part ng security team sa school, we were told na need lang daw namin sila kausapin / pakiusapan, but lethal or even non-lethal force eh not allowed.. Like? How? So sitting ducks lang lahat sa school shooting? I'm curious sa actual law related sa ganong sitwasyon.

Im trying to get accredited as an arbitrator and mediator. Idk if it's lucrative but Im just interested in getting that accreditation. Anyone who can share if it's actually in demand?

Hello, na-kwento sakin ng kaibigan ko na nabiktima sila ng isang app na nagbibigay ng payout on a daily basis. Sabi nya, the app requires them to watch a movie first bago madagdagan yung pera nila. My friend and his wife owns a small local bakery (di sila nakagraduate ng hs so naattract siguro agad sa offer yung wife nya) and inilagay nila lahat ng savings nila in that app amounting to Php 95,000.

Ang masaklap pa dito, marami silang nabiktima sa isang barangay. May isang case pa raw na yung ninang nya ay nagbenta ng kalabaw mailagay lang yung pera sa app.

Possible na millions ang nawala dun sa mga tao if combined amount.

The app went down on August 11 so pinuntahan nila yung local office the next day pero nagsarado na rin daw. May sumubok din pumunta sa pulis pero sinabihan daw sila na malabo na marecover yung pera nila.

As of now, nobody is pursuing the case.

Tangina, nakakahinayang lang. Dito samin, farming lang talaga ang pinagkakakitaan o kaya mga maliliit na business lang din naman kaya siguro madali rin maloko ang mga tao kasi marami talaga sa kanila ang hindi nakapag-aral.

I know it would be hard to recover the money pero dapat may managot. I would convince my friend to pursue filing a case pero I wanna know the step-by-step and kung sino ang pinakamaaasahan nila to handle the case and kung sino rin ang dapat tugisin in this kind of scam. Nawalan kasi agad sila ng gana nung naging ganoon ang response ng pulis sa kanila.

Rural area dito samin so napakabulok talaga ng sistema tbh. Hope someone can help and give clarity to the situation. I really pity these kind and hardworking people that were victimized.

🙏🙏🙏

Hello. I’m 22. Recently, I’ve had a DIY abortion and I have to go to this hospital na maraming nagrereklamo in CAR region. Anyway, I disclosed this information to this doctor because I am aware of the doctor and patient confidentiality, but then she said that she has to report it because her license might get removed. I didn’t know what to do, but I was really confused earlier on why she has to report it. On top of that, while talking to the doctor thru her phone, her voice was loud enough for the others to hear about my situation, so I didn’t know if they have heard it or not.

I purchased a residential lot from a private owner inside a private subdivision. The real estate developer solely handles land surveys for all lots inside. Last year I had it surveyed by them so I know where the boundaries are and so my Architect could avoid a ditch which is in one of the sides of the property (no neighbor on that side). I also had a topographical map done to determine how high/low the slopes are. Finally I had soil test done to ensure the Engineer could properly compute for structural foundation.

This year I had a resurvey done by the Developer to renew since I am about to request for construction permit. Unfortunately the resurvey resulted in movement of the lot 6m toward the ditch. Not just one marker movement, they moved all markers 6m toward the ditch. They claimed the 1st Geodetic Engineer was wrong and that the recent result used high tech equipment.

I felt cheated as the ditch is >!now!< at 30% inside of the property (previously 10% and avoidable by the house). The soil test boring hole is no longer at the center of the lot. The topographical map no longer covers the whole lot since the lot moved by 6m. I am okay with the lot moving a few inches but how could a licensed professional be so wrong in all marker measurements by that much? If anyone has experienced this before, I would appreciate if they could steer me in the right direction how to deal with the developer as not only it costed me design and test fees, but time as well since I may need to redo the designs.

Unfortunately the first Engineer who did the survey seems to have already moved abroad.

Hi, I just want advice as this morning a Grab Car driver ran over and killed our kitten. The driver didnt even stop even tho my other family members were trying to make him stop.

We already have the driver’s info (License Plate and name). Im planning to file a blotter in the barangay hall and we already reported him ti Grab.

Can I pursue legal action and whats the smartest thing to do in this situation? We want the driver to face the consequences of his action.

Edit: this happened inside a townhomes and our kittens live in the front yard/garage where they can get in / out.

Update: Upon submitting CCTV footages of the incident, grab has suspended the driver.

My partner has two children with his ex-partner, ages 4 and 3. He is currently working in Saudi Arabia and earns around PHP 100,000 per month.

His ex-partner wants him to provide PHP 90,000 of his monthly income for the house and the children’s expenses—PHP 60,000 for the house mortgage and PHP 30,000 for the children’s expenses, including preschool and other necessities. The rest of his salary goes toward his parents’ allowance. If he earns overtime, that money will be used for his daily expenses. This arrangement has been in place for over a year now, and I have stayed out of the picture during this time.

Aside from the PHP 90,000, his ex-partner also continues to ask him to pay for additional activities for the children, such as tutoring, swimming lessons, and other extracurricular activities.

He continues to pay for the house out of goodwill because he wants to make sure that the children have a roof over their heads. However, we are not sure how long he can continue paying such a large portion of his income toward these expenses.

Starting this September and in the following months, my partner wants to provide PHP 70,000–80,000 per month so that he can also save money and have enough for his own living expenses and future needs. However, his ex-partner does not agree and continues to insist that he should give her PHP 90,000 from his salary.

Is this fair?

Yung barangay po namin nangungulit talaga na magpapagawa sila ng drainage na dadaan sa aming lupa.

For context: yung lupa namin malapit sa dagat at dun nila ipapalabas lahat ng tubig sa plano nilang drainage.

Ang kinatatakot/kinababahal ko lang po ay baka mag cause ito ng flood sa area namin. At for sure kakabit yung mga ibang bahay sa unahan para sa kanilang waste water from their households. Baka dun din pupunta mga tubig galing sa road patungo sa amin.

For me di talaga ako papayag.
Nag promise din sila na meron daw silang de-clogging program. For sure maganda lang mag propose.

im 9 years married with 2 kids yung youngest ko is 4 months old nag file ako ng case dahil binugbog ako ng asawa ko may arraignment kami this august ayoko makipag settle ang gusto ko makulong sya ask ko lang kung may chance na manalo sa court ?

Hi. I’m a small music artist po sa atin and a known music label reached out to me wanting to sign me daw sa label nila. I just want to ask especially sa mga may experience siguro sa industry na ito if you know anyone na may ganitong terms:

Management: 5 years, potentially 20; they take 40% of my professional income.

Recording ( I believe this is for streams/royalties): 5 years, potentially 20; I get 5% of Net Sales.

Publishing: They get exclusive rights to my songs, with the agreement saying those rights last for the life of the copyright; revenue is 50/50.

May friend po ako na nireview yung contracts and sabi po niya most probably maliit talaga shares sa royalties kasi nagsisimula pa lang ako pero magpakabait lang daw ako kasi possible naman yan na mabago after a while pero I want to know lang sana if meron po dito may experience sa music industry and kung standard po ba ito kasi wala po talaga akong idea.

Thank you!

Maliit lang yung property, nasa 50sqm pero grabe yung stress na binibigay nung nakatira. Iniwan na sya ng pamilya nya noong una pa naming sinabi na kami na ang nakakuha ng bahay, pero yung tatay nagpaiwan, ayaw umalis. Nabarangay na at lahat pero wala pa rin.

Magkano po kaya aabutin nito saka anong habol namin sa kanya since feb nagbabayad na kami ng bahay pero sya yung nakatira 😩 gusto lang naman naming mag umpisa.

I’m posting here on behalf of my dad. My dad just told us that he had a bench warrant earlier, as seen below:

Accused : (Redacted)
Subject : COURT ORDER
Date: August 12, 2026

To Accused,

You are commanded to surrender at any nearest Police Station to avoid being arrested at your location and to prevent public embarassement and inconvenience.

Pertaining to your pending case for the violation of ARTICLE 315 to 318 of the Revised Penal Code of the Philippines (RPC) and charged forFAILURE TO APPEAR (FTA) before this court.

Pursuant to an order from the higher court signed by Presiding Judge Hon. LUZVIMINDA BAUTISTA - LOPEZ preside at MAKATI CITY. Regional Trial Court_(RTC) branch 233 with docketed case number RZN-26-142, you are to be arrested and place under PNP Custody during the pendency of the case.

For consideration, we give you a chance to settle this case without the necessity of your arrest, contact us immediately at the contact listed below.

For Strict Compliance,

PCAPT. JAKE MARQUEZ
PNP-Warrant Unit
In-Charge
(+639)956-430-2845

Attorney CAMILLE V. ORTEZA
DOJ - Action Center
CIMD

Cc: SUPREME COURT
PNP Custodial Center
Case Information Records Division
HRAD

Is there any off-chance this isn’t real? The email was sent from doj.cimd.actioncenter@gmail.com. If it is real, what can we do? A response would be greatly appreciated. Please.

Hi, I’m looking for general information/experiences regarding Article 15 of the Family Code (EO 209) and marriage license processing.

My fiancée and I are both Filipino citizens and have never been married. I am 23, and my fiancée is turning 21 later this month. We are looking into applying for a marriage license shortly after her 21st birthday.

From my reading of Article 15, applicants aged 21–25 are required to seek parental advice. If the advice is not obtained or is unfavorable, the law provides for a sworn statement and a three-month delay in issuance of the marriage license.

The issue is that Parañaque LCR's Citizen's Charter appears to list the personal appearance of both parents for applicants aged 21–24. In our situation, the parents are unwilling to provide favorable advice and will not personally appear.

I’m trying to understand the practical and legal distinction here:

1. Does Article 15 itself require parents to personally appear before the LCR, or does it only require parental advice and documentation of the result?
2. How do LCRs generally handle cases where the parents refuse or are unavailable to appear?
3. Has anyone personally dealt with an LCR accepting an Article 15 sworn statement instead of parental appearance?
4. If a local Citizen’s Charter says parental appearance is required, how is that reconciled with the sworn-statement procedure in Article 15?

I’m mainly looking for the legal basis and/or firsthand LCR experience, rather than specific legal advice for our individual situation.

Thanks in advance!

Context: I, 22F has a boyfriend (22M). We’re 4 years now. Bago maging kami, may naging ka-“something” ako na nasa group of friends ko rin until now. Recently, nagkasama kaming certain someone na yon sa isnag function na hindi ko alam na pupunta pala sya. And it lead to the title above.

So, yun nga po ayos lang naman sakanya na pumunta ako kung andon din yung “ex” na yon. I did my part. Di ako nakikipag interact sakanya tapos nag sesend din ako ng video updates sa bf ko sa mga nangyayare. Then one video, pinaghinalaan nyang yung katabi kong guy ay si “ex” pero ibang guy yun (bf ng friend ko) at obvious naman na hindi yun yung ex ko kasi naka tsinelas at short yung nasa video, at yung ex ko ay naka pants at shoes.

And then, it escalated. Hindi nya pinakinggan yung reasoning ko. Sabi ko, sige kausapin ko na lang tatay mo para matauhan ka kasi takot sya don. Now, he is threatening to send the video to that “ex” para lang may maiyabang daw sya o kaya sa mga pornsites o kaya sa nanay ko para raw ako ang mapahiya kasi i triggered something in him daw. Nascreenshot ko yung messages nya about that, nirecord ko rin.

Now, sabi nya kung hindi ko raw isesend yung ipad at 18k gold bracelet na bigay nya bukas ay ikakalat nya raw yung video. WHAT SHOULD I DOOOO?

sorry po kung magulo ang kwento nagpapanic talaga ako

Last Saturday night, I got bitten by a stray dog na bigla na lang lumabas sa talahiban sa street namin.

I was running home kasi bigla na lang umulan ng malakas. Around five gates away na lang ako from our house when I suddenly felt something bite my right leg. Then, my left leg. At first, hindi ko pa agad na-realize what was happening until I looked back and saw the dog literally chasing my legs and trying to bite me again.

Pagdating ko sa bahay, parehong legs ko yung dumudugo na.

That same night, nalaman ko rin na may isa pang batang nakagat nung same dog earlier that afternoon (kailangang tahiin kasi kasama yung laman sa nakagat)

I went to the Animal Bite Center for my anti-rabies treatment. I received 10 injections in total, 2 sa left arm, 1 sa right arm, 1 skin test, and 6 injections ng ERIG directly into the six bite wounds on my legs (3 sa left and 3 sa right). My exposure was classified as Category III/Type III.

The case escalated sa barangay kasi the family of the kid who was bitten was super angry. Yung tinuturong may-ari ng dogs ay yung may-ari ng bakanteng lote kung saan nakatira or nagsstay yung mga aso.

They kept saying na hindi kanila yung dogs, pero they knew the dogs were there and apparently ginagamit sila as bantay sa lote. At first, ayaw talaga nilang tanggapin na may responsibility sila sa nangyari.

Nahuli na ng barangay yung mother dog at isang tuta (kasi kakapanganak palang pala ng mother dog) unfortunately, namatay yung mother dog habang nasa cage pa.

After a while, nag-offer din yung alleged owners na sila na raw ang sasagot sa medical expenses. Pero before that, marami na kasing masasakit na salita ang nasabi.

They literally told us na “mamatay na yung mga nakagat” and accused us of “namemera lang.” May pointing fingers, sigawan, at pagmumura pa.

One of the barangay representatives who was asking for permission to enter the vacant lot para mahuli yung mga aso witnessed everything, kasi even her pinagsisigawan, pinanlilisikan ng mata, at dinu-duro din.

And because of everything that happened, hindi rin ako nakapasok sa work (working student)

I know they eventually offered to cover the medical expenses, and I'm not saying that isn't important. Pero honestly, hindi lang naman pera yung issue dito. We were already scared, injured, and trying to deal with what happened. Hearing those things from the people who were supposed to take responsibility just made everything so much worse.

The family of the kid said na kung nakipag-settle na sila agad sa owners at hindi na nakipag mataasan at nang maliit hindi na raw sana lalala yung situation, and hindi daw sila papayag na basta-basta nalang silang mag babayad.

May iba pa po ba kaming pwedeng ihabol aside sa shouldering of expenses?

Hi r/LawPH. I’m looking for legal guidance regarding separation of spouses and partition of conjugal properties in the Philippines.

My wife now wants us to separate mainly because ayoko nang bayaran ang mga personal loans niya. Ilang beses na rin akong tumulong at nagbayad ng mga utang niya in the past, pero nauulit lang. My concern is parang iniisip niya na dahil may mga conjugal properties at savings kami, puwedeng gamitin ang mga iyon para pambayad sa loans niya at para ma-cover ang uncontrolled spending niya.

For context, mostly 50/50 kami sa household expenses throughout our marriage. Pareho kaming nagtatrabaho and nag-aambag sa expenses, pero magkaiba kami pagdating sa paghawak ng pera.

Ako, kahit nagbabayad ng share ko sa household expenses, nag-ipon ako consistently para sa future at retirement. Siya naman, walang savings because most of her remaining income was spent. Nagkaroon din siya ng personal loans, including GCash/Shopee-type loans and other debts.

Some of the spending behind the loans were not really basic household necessities. May expenses for things like dining out, takeout, hotels/trips, etc. I have paid or helped with some of her debts before, but I eventually decided na hindi na sustainable na ako lagi ang sasalo dahil cycle lang siya: mababayaran ang utang, then magkakaroon ulit.

Now she wants to separate and is talking about dividing/liquidating our properties.

We have no prenuptial agreement. Most/all of our major assets were acquired during the marriage, including our house, car, stocks/investments, and savings. We also have adult children who are still living with us and are not yet completely financially independent.

Ang pinaka-concern ko is this: I understand that properties acquired during marriage may be considered conjugal/community property depending on our property regime. Hindi ko rin naman sinasabi na dahil ako ang nag-ipon, automatically akin lang lahat. What bothers me is that we both paid our share of the family's expenses, but I chose to save what remained from my income while she chose to spend hers and accumulate debts.

So I would appreciate guidance on the following:

Can my wife force the partition or liquidation of our conjugal/community properties while we are still legally married? Or kailangan muna ng legal separation, annulment/nullity, judicial separation of property, or another court proceeding?

If the loans are in her name only, can creditors or my wife demand that our house, investments, or other conjugal properties be used to pay those loans?

Does it matter legally kung saan ginamit ang loan? For example, family necessities versus personal/discretionary spending.

If we eventually separate our properties, is it automatically 50/50 regardless of how much each spouse actually contributed or saved?

How are stocks/investments and cash savings accumulated during the marriage treated? If the investments are under only one spouse's name but were acquired during the marriage, are they still included in the property settlement?

What about retirement savings or long-term savings that I deliberately built up from my salary after paying my share of the household expenses? Are these automatically part of the property to be divided?

Can one spouse demand that the other spouse sell the house, car, or investments immediately just because they want their share?

If she stops paying her personal loans, can creditors go after conjugal/community property even if I never signed, guaranteed, or consented to those loans?

If the marriage is already having serious problems, what steps can I legally take now to protect and properly document our assets without illegally hiding or transferring property?

I’m not trying to hide assets or deprive my wife of anything she is legally entitled to. I just want to understand what the law actually requires before I agree to liquidate properties or use our long-term savings to pay debts that I did not incur.

I’m planning to consult eventually, but I would appreciate insights from Philippine lawyers or anyone who has dealt with judicial separation of property / liquidation of absolute community or conjugal partnership.

Thank you.