Average Switchover Temperature by State, Natural Gas vs Heat pump
| Alabama | 3F |
|---|---|
| Alaska | 46F |
| Arizona | -2F |
| Arkansas | -13F |
| California | 43F |
| Colorado | 23F |
| Connecticut | 26F |
| Delaware | -5F |
| District of Columbia | 12F |
| Florida | NA |
| Georgia | -13F |
| Hawaii | 9F |
| Idaho | 26F |
| Illinois | 20F |
| Indiana | 6F |
| Iowa | 4F |
| Kansas | 3F |
| Kentucky | -13F |
| Louisiana | 5F |
| Maine | 12F |
| Maryland | 19F |
| Massachusetts | 25F |
| Michigan | 31F |
| Minnesota | 25F |
| Mississippi | -13F |
| Missouri | 12F |
| Montana | 33F |
| Nebraska | 14F |
| Nevada | 15F |
| New Hampshire | 26F |
| New Jersey | 37F |
| New Mexico | 33F |
| New York | 23F |
| North Carolina | -13F |
| North Dakota | -13F |
| Ohio | 22F |
| Oklahoma | -13F |
| Oregon | 24F |
| Pennsylvania | 25F |
| Rhode Island | 45F |
| South Carolina | 27F |
| South Dakota | 28F |
| Tennessee | 29F |
| Texas | -13F |
| Utah | 31F |
| Vermont | 32F |
| Virginia | 33F |
| Washington | 34F |
| West Virginia | 35F |
| Wisconsin | 36F |
| Wyoming | 37F |
Average fuel costs are from the Energy Information Administration. Electricity is at: https://www.eia.gov/electricity/monthly/epm_table_grapher.php?t=table_5_06_a
Natural gas is at: https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_pri_sum_a_EPG0_PRS_DMcf_m.htm
Costs are the most recent available, which is July, 2026 in most cases. Six states did not have a July price for natural gas and an earlier month was used. No gas price information was available for Florida so it is NA.
Heat pump performance is for a Mitsubishi P-Series Hyperheat with a nominal capacity of 54,000 BTU/hr, in a house with a design heating load of 40,000 BTU/hr at 22F, following the methodology for predicting heat pump performance in this article:
I was inspired to do this after hearing one more person confidently state that "gas is more efficient than a heat pump at <temperature I just pulled out of my ass>." No, it's complicated. It depends on the local price of gas and electricity, and also the choice of equipment and the heating load of the particular house.
Prices vary a lot by state. Electricity prices range from 12.72c/kWh to 48c/kWh. Gas prices range from $12.38/MCF to $65.72/MCF.
The nationwide average price of gas in July was $26.45/MCF, in February it was $14.95