




Thirty million. Maybe sixty million. Then, almost none.
For thousands of years, the American bison shaped the Great Plains. Feeding nations, sustaining cultures, and changing the land beneath their hooves.
Then came the hide hunters, railroads, expanding settlement, government policy, and an economic system that turned the bison into a commodity.
By the late 1800s, an animal that had once seemed as permanent as the prairie itself stood on the edge of extinction.
But that wasn’t the end of the story.
Ranchers, Native people, conservationists, scientists, and eventually tribal nations helped bring the bison back. Today, roughly half a million live across North America.
The story isn't as simple as heroes and villains. It’s a story of abundance and destruction, commerce and culture, loss and recovery. And it may be one of the most remarkable stories in the history of the American West.