u/SophiaIsBased

A lot of attention is given to Justinian as the "last" natively Latin-speaking Roman Emperor and Maurice as the "first" definitely native Greek speaker in the purple, but what about the Emperors who spoke neither language natively or at least grew up bilingually?

I remember reading somewhere that Septimius Severus grew up speaking both Latin and the local Punic dialect natively, so would he be the first Roman Emperor to speak any language other than Latin or Greek natively?

Similarly, which Emperors would have not grown up natively speaking either one of the Empire's administrative languages at all? To me, the candidate that would seem most likely for this would be Zeno, considering the Isaurians were noted to be a non-hellenised people at the time, but I'm sure I could be missing someone.

Who is the last Emperor who we can reasonably assume to have grown up speaking another language but Greek to any meaningful extent? Would this be Leo III, who spoke Arabic natively, or is there another Emperor I am missing?

I would love to hear the opinions of people more educated than my amateur self on the topic and to find new sources to educate myself more on this.