u/loggiews

Eu me identifico como uma pessoa de esquerda e concordo que educação, redução da desigualdade, melhoria nas condições de vida e as políticas sociais são fundamentais para combater a violência no longo prazo. Mas e o agora? Educação leva décadas para produzir todos os seus efeitos, enquanto hoje existem certos cantos do Brasil praticamente controlados pelo tráfico e por milícias, onde o trabalhador vive sob regras impostas pelo crime e com a circulação limitada, praticamente sob um Estado paralelo.

A direita sempre cita o Bukele, que, apesar das graves críticas ao seu governo e às violações de direitos humanos, possui um índice de aprovação popular altíssimo. Sem defender o modelo dele, acho que a esquerda precisa ter uma resposta convincente para esse problema no curto prazo.

Então qual deveria ser a resposta da esquerda para esse problema no curto e médio prazo? Como combater o poder territorial do crime organizado e melhorar a segurança dessas pessoas sem cair na lógica de guerra às drogas, violência policial e encarceramento em massa?

Even compared with major U.S. cities, these kinds of crimes don’t seem to be as prevalent in the U.S. as they are in Western Europe. Bangkok is also a huge tourist city in Asia, and Thailand is a relatively poor country, yet it doesn’t seem to have the same problem. Do people in Western Europe have a greater cultural tolerance for crime?

I’m genuinely curious about the distinction here. If the idea is that Palestinians should have a state primarily for Palestinians and that the majority of the population should be Palestinian, while being able to preserve their ethnic identity, why is the same principle often rejected when applied to European nations such as Sweden, Norway, Ireland, Germany, France or England, while these countries are instead encouraged to embrace multiculturalism and immigration from other populations? I’m not saying the historical circumstances are identical, I’m asking what principle makes one form of national or ethnic self-determination acceptable while the other is considered unacceptable.

Are Italians aware of how important he is outside Italy, especially in other Catholic countries? And how is he viewed in Italy today?

I live in Brazil, and my family often visits and goes on pilgrimages to the city of Canindé, in the state of Ceará, where there is a basilica dedicated to St. Francis and the largest statue of St. Francis in the world. While I was there, I kept wondering what an Italian would think about a place so far from Italy, with no major historical connection to the country, having such a strong devotion to an Italian saint and making him such an important figure in the region.

I find it fascinating how someone who was born in medieval Italy became such a beloved figure in a completely different part of the world.

Also, the United Arab Emirates is accused of engaging in neocolonialism in Sudan and fueling the civil war there. If that's the case, why isn't there a large number of Sudanese refugees migrating to the UAE and being granted asylum there?

I've been wondering about this for a while. Why did so many Catholic-majority countries end up fully embracing secularism, abandoning Catholicism as the state religion, and gradually distancing themselves from the Catholic roots that shaped their national identity?

Countries like Ireland, Italy, Poland, Belgium, and many others were deeply tied to the Catholic Church for centuries. In some cases, Catholicism was one of the main pillars of their culture and identity. Yet today, most of them have secular constitutions where religion is expected to remain almost entirely outside the public sphere. What I find more surprising is that in many of these countries this transition happened relatively peacefully. There wasn't always a revolution or an authoritarian regime forcing secularism onto society, and there weren't massive popular uprisings by Catholics against these changes. Why?

Why couldn't Catholic countries have developed more like many Muslim-majority countries, where the official religion remains part of both public life and the state itself? Or even like Israel, where Judaism plays a central role in the state's identity. I'm not saying they should copy every policy of those countries. For example, I strongly disagree with laws that criminalize apostasy, and I don't think those should ever be a model. But there are countries where Islam is the official religion while other religions are still allowed to exist and practice. Why did Catholic countries move in such a different direction instead of maintaining a confessional state with religious freedom?

I started thinking about this after researching the history of mosques in traditionally Christian countries. I discovered that many of the first mosques, and later Islamic centers, were funded by Muslim-majority states such as Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and Malaysia. Those governments also used diplomacy to help establish and support Muslim communities abroad.

Within the Catholic Church we have organizations like the Aid to the Church in Need (ACN), which supports persecuted and struggling Christian communities around the world. The Holy See is also a sovereign entity with its own diplomatic network and can advocate for Catholics internationally. Still, it feels different from having one or several Catholic-majority states actively using their political influence and diplomacy to strengthen Catholic communities overseas in the same way that some Muslim-majority countries have done for their own religious communities.

I know the Second Vatican Council is often seen as somewhat ambiguous when it comes to confessional Catholic states and the relationship between Church and state. So, what do you guys think?

People often say it's because of poverty or because many men have limited education. But Thailand is also a relatively poor country, and many men there have limited educational opportunities as well. I traveled there, and you don't see the same level of catcalling.

That makes me think it's more of a cultural issue than an economic or educational one. But if that's the case, how did this culture develop in the first place?

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