
How Portland, Maine, became New England’s bakery haven
FROM THE STORY:
By 8 a.m. on any given Saturday, the bakeries of Portland, Maine, are already in full swing.
Outside of one in early August, with the smell of fresh bread and buttermilk sweetening the air, customers in line debate whether to order a classic croissant or the French pastry kouign-amann. Across town, another line stretches down the block. A cyclist pedals away with baguettes sticking out of a backpack. After splitting a bagel at one shop, a young couple from the Midwest maps out their next two bakery stops: a coffee shop that everyone seemed to have recommended, then one last pastry before lunch.
The city of roughly 70,000 people is home to an astonishing concentration of bakeries whose work rivals anything found in far larger cities. That didn’t happen by accident. Pioneering bakeries raised the standard decades ago.
In Maine, once considered the “bread basket of New England,” the grain farming economy peaked in the 19th century. During the Civil War, the state’s grains even helped feed the Union Army. But as the West became more populated at the turn of the century, grain farming and production went with it. Many Maine farmers refocused on other crops, such as blueberries, corn, and potatoes.
But in the 1980s, bakers started trying to source local wheat. Matthew Williams was one of the earliest pioneers of Maine’s grain scene. A former grain agronomist, he added a milling operation to his farm in the late 1990s. And over the last two decades, farmers, bakers, and organizations such as the Maine Grain Alliance have helped revive the state’s grain economy. The result was more than just better bread. It gave ambitious chefs an affordable path to entrepreneurship. Customers bought in, learning to appreciate obsessive craftsmanship.
Today, visitors arrive with an appetite for naturally leavened breads, Japanese-inspired viennoiserie, and rustic loaves made from Maine-grown grains. They drive home with back seats full of sourdough loaves and scones.
Longtime Portland baker and chef Krista Kern Desjarlais remembers arriving in Portland in the 1980s, when the city was full of artists, cooks, and scrappy entrepreneurs who simply figured things out for themselves. The rents were low enough that people could afford to experiment, and creativity often mattered more than polish.
READ MORE: https://www.bostonglobe.com/2026/08/19/magazine/portland-maine-bakeries-bread/?p1=StaffPage