r/TurkicHistory

Mughal Empire

From @qalamglobal

The seal of the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb

The central circle reads:

ابو الظفر محی الدین محمد عالمگیر پادشاه غازی — ۱۲ — ۱۰۷۹

Abū al-Ẓafar Muḥyī al-Dīn Muḥammad ʿĀlamgīr Pādshāh Ghāzī — 12th regnal year — 1079 AH

The surrounding inscriptions are read clockwise, beginning with the upper-right medallion, they are read like that :

ابن شاه جهان پادشاه

ibn Shāh Jahān Pādshāh

ابن جهانگیر پادشاه

ibn Jahāngīr Pādshāh

ابن اکبر پادشاه

ibn Akbar Pādshāh

ابن همایون پادشاه

ibn Humāyūn Pādshāh

ابن بابر پادشاه

ibn Bābur Pādshāh

ابن عمر شیخ شاه

ibn ʿUmar Shaykh Shāh

ابن سلطان ابو سعید شاه

ibn Sulṭān Abū Saʿīd Shāh

ابن سلطان محمد شاه

ibn Sulṭān Muḥammad Shāh

ابن میران شاه

ibn Mīrān Shāh

ابن امیر تیمور صاحب قران

ibn Amīr Tīmūr Ṣāḥib-Qirān

>My Background ->

Father's Side: Tozkoparan Family

* Father: Turkish (Probably Chepni tribe)

Note: On my father's side, I can trace my lineage back nine generations, and they are recorded as Turkish in Ottoman sources. According to our family history, my paternal ancestors are known to have migrated from the Iran/Azerbaijan region.

* Mother: Rum (Anatolian Greek)

Note 2: My grandmother's side is related to the Mollaoğlu clan, who are also influential in the region.

Mother's Side: Yörüks from Kastamonu Taşköprü

* Father: Yörük (Probably Karaevli or Kayı tribe, Karakeçili clan)

Note: On my grandfather's side, they are called Kastamonu Yörüks and known as the 'descendants of Ali Agha'.

* Mother: Circassian (Ubykh / Adyghe)

Note: My maternal grandmother's father was not actually Adyghe. He was an Abkhazian from the Nanba clan who embraced the Adyghe identity because his wet nurse was Adyghe and he was raised by her.

Context : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IDe6PfE60TE

The person these results belong to is from the city of Maragheh and Kharaju, and his haplogroup is J-Z1842.

And where are all the leftists and the so‑called Global South ‘anti‑colonial’ activists? You were so active in the 40s–70s. Where are you when the world really needs you? Context: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HmmRs5-6VoQ&t=233s

Professor historian Dmitry Chernyshevsky on distorted Iranian history

They could rebel now. It's the perfect time! Context : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PN0N1bAQWLA&t=3s and https://x.com/albafella1/status/1919115586426028542

​

The Lost Turkic City of Togu Balïq Is Being Unearthed: A New Chapter in Early Turkic History - Evidence Suggests the Early Turks Established Cities and Practiced Agriculture a Century Earlier Than Previously Believed.

Old Turkic: Togu = East --- 𐰉𐰞𐰶 (balïq) = city, town

Togu balïq = East city/town

Togu Balïq, the lost city of the Toquz Oghuz mentioned in the inscriptions of Bilge Qaghan and Kül Tigin, is being brought to light through a joint archaeological project conducted by Turkish and Mongolian researchers.

The Izmir Katip Çelebi University (İKÇÜ) and the Institute of Archaeology of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences, with the support of the Turkish Cooperation and Coordination Agency (TİKA), are expanding excavations in Mongolia's Tuul Valley.

A multidisciplinary team of forty specialists has uncovered remarkable new evidence regarding the economic life, urban planning, and advanced mining practices of the early Turks during the 7th century.

Evidence Suggests the Early Turks Established Cities and Practiced Agriculture a Century Earlier Than Previously Believed.

Research is being conducted across an area of approximately 100 square kilometers, covering both sides of the Tuul River and the surrounding mountains.

A temporary laboratory established at the excavation site enables paleographers, botanists, art historians, and archaeologists to examine every discovery immediately.

"Last year we identified workshops near the city where gold and copper were processed. Our surveys also revealed ancient mining pits. We therefore have strong evidence that the city's economy was based on mining. At the same time, we are studying the architecture, and our work on the remains of what appears to be a palace is nearing completion."

During this year's excavations at Togu Balïq, archaeologists discovered a 15-kilometer irrigation canal together with numerous seeds.

Excavation coordinator Prof. Dr. Şaban Doğan, Dean of the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities at İKÇÜ, summarized this year's findings:

"This year we uncovered strong evidence that agriculture was practiced extensively in and around the city, which is extremely significant. Until now, it was generally believed that the Turks adopted agriculture in the modern sense only with the Uyghurs, corresponding to the middle of the 8th century. However, here we have found important evidence indicating that agriculture was already being practiced during the 7th century."

Professor Serdar Vardar, Head of the Department of Geography at İKÇÜ, also emphasized that the excavations have produced important new evidence regarding the transition of the Turks to settled life.

"Our historical understanding has long portrayed the Turks primarily as nomads who constantly migrated. However, our research demonstrates that they adapted successfully to long-term climatic changes and made effective use of their environment by establishing an urban center and living in harmony with the surrounding natural landscape."

The excavation team also discovered seeds of ornamental plants throughout the city. Originating from different regions, these seeds indicate that the early Turks valued aesthetics in urban planning and engaged in the exchange of plant species through trade.

A Historic City That Witnessed Göktürk (Turkic Khaganate) – Toquz Oghuz Wars

Research carried out last year conclusively demonstrated that the excavation site is the historic city of Togu Balïq, inhabited by the Toquz Oghuz—the tribal confederation that later formed the foundation of the Uyghur Khaganate—and mentioned in the Orkhon inscriptions as the site of repeated conflicts with the Göktürks (Turkic Khaganate).

With this year's discoveries, archaeologists expect to gain new insights into the belief systems, funerary traditions, and settled way of life of the early Turkic peoples.

"We Have Recovered Evidence Proving This Is Togu Balïq"

Prof. Doğan explained that the project's primary objective has always been to locate the long-lost city of Togu Balïq, known from the inscriptions of Bilge Qaghan and Kül Tigin but whose location had remained unknown until now.

"Although Togu Balïq is mentioned in historical sources, its exact location had never been identified. The city is considerably older than the previously known Uyghur cities. Excavating it pushes our understanding of settled life among the Uyghurs back by at least one hundred years.

We spent many years conducting surface surveys and reviewing the existing literature. Earlier studies had reported discoveries that might be connected with the Uyghur period, but they were never fully investigated. We have now recovered archaeological evidence proving that this site is Togu Balïq.

During our excavations, we uncovered Uyghur ceramics unquestionably associated with one of the excavated buildings. Both Turkish and Mongolian archaeologists on our team agree with this identification. We can now confidently state that this is the city of Togu Balïq belonging to the Toquz Oghuz.

We consider this a discovery of exceptional importance, one that will fundamentally improve our understanding of the transition of the early Turks to settled life."

The temporary laboratory established at the site has enabled specialists to conduct core and drilling analyses while conserving artifacts such as bones and ceramics.

During the 2025 excavation season, investigations continued on the structure known as the Small Palace (Küçük Saray in Turkish) as well as on the burial mounds (kurgans) of the inhabitants of Togu Balïq. Analyses were also carried out in workshops and ancient mining pits.

For the first time, archaeologists identified a signal tower believed to have been used for communication, along with ritual sites and petroglyph panels.

Bilge Qaghan of the Second Turkic Khaganate considered the Toquz Oghuz "[his] own people". It is also mentioned in the Kul Tigin inscriptions that the Göktürks and Toquz Oghuz were fighting five times in a year.

𐱃𐰸𐰆𐰕:𐰆𐰍𐰕:𐰉𐰆𐰑𐰣:𐰚𐰤𐱅𐰃:𐰉𐰆𐰑𐰣𐰢:𐰼𐱅𐰃:𐱅𐰭𐰼𐰃:𐰘𐰃𐰼:𐰉𐰆𐰞𐰍𐰴𐰃𐰤:𐰇𐰲𐰇𐰤:𐰖𐰍𐰃:𐰉𐰆𐰡𐰃

Toquz Oγuz budun kentü budunïm erti teŋіri jer bolγaqïn üčün yaγï boltï.

"Nine Oguz people were my own people. Because of the sky being jumbled up with the earth, they became an enemy."

Source: https://www.trtavaz.com.tr/haber/tur/turkistandan/turklerin-kayip-sehri-togu-balik-gun-yuzune-cikariliyor-turk-tarihi-yeniden/6a61fe0c6a46cf8298d16b37

“And he sent all the Turks who were there to the Byzantine Emperor. Since the Turks bore a sign on their foreheads in the form of a cross, the Emperor asked them why they carried this mark on their foreheads. The Turks said that, many years earlier, a plague had broken out in Turcia, and explained that some Christians had devised this sign, and that through it salvation had come to their land.”

- The events described took place in AD 591, when Khosrow II regained the Persian (Sassanid) throne with the support of the Byzantine Emperor Maurice, with Turkic forces taking part in the campaign.

The account comes from Landulfus Sagax (Landulf Sagax), a Lombard historian who lived in southern Italy. His work, known as the Historia Romana and later as the Historia Miscella, was written in the late 10th or early 11th century, several centuries after the events described.

Landulfus records that the Turks sent to the Byzantine Emperor bore a cross-shaped mark on their foreheads. When asked about the mark, they explained that a plague had struck Turcia (Land of the Turks) - the territory associated with the Turkic Khaganate (Göktürks) - many years earlier, and that some Christians had introduced the sign, through which salvation had come to their land.

Byzantine–Sassanid War:

Summary: Year 591, Emperor Maurice, seeing an opportunity to end the prolonged war to the advantage of Constantinople, assists Khosrau II to regain the Persian throne. He sends a Byzantine army (35,000 men) under Narses into Mesopotamia, through Syria. At the same time, an expeditionary force in Armenia advances through Caucasian Iberia into Media (modern Azerbaijan).

Battle of Blarathon: A Persian army of about 40,000 men under King Bahrām VI is defeated, in the lowlands near Ganzak (northwestern Iran), by the Byzantines. Bahrām flees to seek refuge with the Turks in Central Asia, and settles in Fergana.

Bahram and 4,000 of his men escaped east to Nīšāpūr (Nishapur) where he was received by the Ḵāqān (Khagan) of the Turks. However, after some time, he is murdered by a hired assassin of Khosrau II.

Extra (Balkans): Later, Maurice begins a series of military expeditions, to defend the Balkan provinces from the Avars and Slavs. He establishes the Danube frontier (Limes Moesiae) from the Delta to the fortress city of Singidunum (Belgrade), and permits the Byzantines to reassert their authority in the interior.

Battle:

During the summer of 591, Khosrow and the Byzantine army marched to Azerbaijan where they were to be joined by an army of 12,000 Armenians under Musel II Mamikonian and 8,000 Persians led by Bendōy and Bestām.

Hoping to confront the Byzantine army before it could consolidate forces in Azerbaijan, Bahram set out from Ctesiphon with a small army. Bahram arrived too late, however, and was faced by the combined forces of Khosrow's Byzantine army and his allies.

The two opposing armies fought over the course of three days in a plain along the Blarathon River near Ganzak (it is an ancient town founded in northwestern Iran. The city stood somewhere south of Lake Urmia). In the evening of the third day, Bendōy convinced many of Bahram's army to desert by offering pardons and safety. In the end, Bahram's army was defeated and his camp overrun and captured. Bahram and 4,000 of his men escaped east to Nīšāpūr (Nishapur) where he was received by the Ḵāqān (Khagan) of the Turks.

Source: from @ricoldus and wikipedia

https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Historia_miscella

I've seen multiple 🇲🇲 and Tibetan people online claim this. I even personally asked some of them if it was just ragebait, but they genuinely believed so.