Vojnu krajinu, Republiku Srpsku Krajinu, Bosansku, Drnišku, Sinjsku, Cetinsku, Kninsku, Vrličku, Omišku, Timočku... mislite da se krivo čuli "iz Ukrajine"? Neku sedmu?
Logor Banjica je bio najveći koncentracioni logor na teritoriji okupirane Srbije. Po nemačkoj naredbi srpskoj kvislinškoj vlasti u Beogradu je otvoren nemački koncentracioni logor u zgradi 18. Pešadijskog puka na Banjici, odakle dobija svoje ime. Upravnik logora bio je srpski policijski službenik Svetozar Vujković, koji je lično naručivao ubistva logoraša, u nekim slučajevima i dece, od strane Srpske državne straže i Specijalne policijske Uprave grada Beograda. On je uhapšen od strane engleskih i američkih snaga 1945. i prebačen u Jugoslaviju gde je streljan 1949. nakon suđenja.
U logoru je bilo oko 23,700 zatvorenika, i najmanje 3850 žrtava. Veliki broj streljanih je svoje živote izgubio na stratištu u Jajincima. Tačan broj žrtava nije poznat jer su dokumenta uništena 1943. godine, a veliki broj tela je premešteno ili spaljeno. Logor je bio jedan od najstrožije čuvanih i kroz ceo period okupacije od 1941. do 1944., iz njega je uspelo da pobegne 5 ljudi. Prva osoba koja je uspešno pobegla iz logora bila je Milka Minić, žena Narodnog heroja i partijskog sekretara Miloša Minića. Još jedan značajan logoraš koji je pobegao je četnički kapetan Neško Nedić, bliski saradnik Draže Mihailovića koji je poginuo u borbi 1945. godine.
U logoru su zatvorenici bili najpre Romi i Jevreji, a zatim pripadnici ilegalnih pokreta otpora, Partizani i Četnici. Iako su zajedno bili zatvoreni, dešavalo se incidenata kao što su tuče između dve strane, koje su se kasnije pomirile. Planovi su predloženi da se pobegne, ali su ometeni 1944. godine i odbijeni od strane Partizana. Iako su tenzije postojale između dve strane, postoji veliki broj momenata gde su se dve strane međusobno poštovale a nažalost je veliki broj streljan zajedno.
Kada je uprave logora 1944. godine videla da se Crvena Armija i NOVJ približavaju Beogradu, raspustili su logor i spalili sva dokumenta osim par knjiga koje su spašene. Poslednji logoraš je napustio kapiju logora 5. oktobra 1944. godine, datum koji se uzima kao dan raspuštenja logora. Kroz logor je prošlo oko 250,000 ljudi, a streljano je približno 30,000. Zgrada logora je danas muzej, a nekadašnja „Soba smrti” je danas spomen-soba. Nosio je nadimak „fabrika smrti” zbog svog zloglasnog tretiranja zatvorenika.
Izvor, stranica o logoru - https://sr.wikipedia.org/sr-ec/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80\_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0#/languages
Na današnji dan, 1941. godine, održana je sednica Politbiroa Centralnog komiteta KPJ 4. jula na kojoj je doneta odluka o podizanju oružanog ustanka protiv okupatora radi oslobođenja Jugoslavije. Sednica je održana u kući Vladislava Ribnikara na Dedinju u Beogradu, koja je bila Muzej „4. Juli”.
Ovaj dan je od 1956. godine bio državni praznik koji se proslavljao kao Dan borca ili Dan ustanka naroda Jugoslavije. Ovaj dan se od strane mnogih širom zemlje i dalje proslavlja postavljajući vence na spomenike palih boraca i žrtava fašizma kako bi se održalo sećanje na njihovu žrtvu sa slobodu. Srećan vam praznik!
Izvor, stranica o prazniku - https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B0
Isto pitanje teoretični i za Bosnu ali…
Polish, Czech, Greek, Slovak, Sorbian, Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, Montenegrin, Macedonian, Bulgarian, Romanian, Russian, Belarusian, Rusyn, Romanian, Kazakh (and other Turkic languages), Chechen (and other Caucasus languages), Mongol, Dungan even, etc etc.
... and all of these languages could perhaps be transliterated into a "universal" Ukranian Cyrillic, resulting in an instantly lower barrier to mutual legibility.
My aim here is a kind of anti-lingua-franca, to help with mutual intelligibility but simultaneously preserve languages and cultures, as well as to make it easy for people to look for similarities instead of differences.
My line of reasoning is that if it's easy for you as e.g. a Slovak to get used to your own language written in a universal Cyrillic then it will be 10 times easier for you to read a text in another language - Greek, even, when Greek also has a version written in Ukranian Cyrillic.
And vice versa.
I picked Ukranian Cyrillic because of the perfect compromise/balance between utility and various objections someone could have.
So the idea isn't to replace anything, only to transliterate things to help mutual legibility but also squeeze out more practical day-to-day use cases for Cyrillic (Serbs being digraphic know perfectly well that this actually does work in practice).
I'm not a linguist so I asked an LLM to make a simple transliteration app https://lukal-x.github.io/cyrillic-compromise/ which you can use to try transliterating samples of a language.
It's probably imperfect but it seems to work, a lot of different languages I can read out loud and it sounds correct, to me at least, comparing my own pronunciation to audio clips of natives speaking the language.
Not to mention that I can finally understand texts in Czech, Slovak, Polish etc.
You can see a couple of real life examples in r/cirilicno (how many can you read/understand?), and here's how I described the idea in transliterated Serbian:
>(СРБУКР) Універзалні Цьірілічні пресловльівач
>Фокус мі є на ячаню цьіріліце пре свега, і покушай проналаска компроміса ізмеджьу западнословенскіх єзіка попут польског, чешког (і другіх), южнословенскіх попут босанско-српско-хрватског, македонског, бугарског (і другіх), алі і без ізоставляня многобройніх туркійскіх і другіх єзіка компатібілніх са цьіріліцом.
>Почетна тачка є, заправо, проналазак універзалног пісма коє бі свакоме біло баш довольно пріступачно да може лако да се уведе као стандард у сваком од наведеніх єзіка, а опет баш довольно ідеолошкі пріхватльіво єр вець функціоніше свіма другіма.
>Не говорім о замені пісма, вець о експеріментісаню са пісанєм свог єзіка украйінском цьіріліцом. О потпуном заобілаженю проблема руског (алі і германског) імперіялізма као найвецье препреке ячаню цьіріліце да не говорім.
>Прімера раді, ако могу Чесі і Поляці да пішу свой єзік украйінском цьіріліцом, онда ніко другі нема зашто да се буні, а понайманє Русі.
The Dissolution of Yugoslavia
Following the conclusion of the Second World War, Josip Broz Tito established a federal state comprising six republics:
Serbia
Croatia
Slovenia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
North Macedonia
Montenegro
Within Serbia, two autonomous provinces were incorporated:
Kosovo
Vojvodina
Tito governed with a careful balancing act, ensuring that no single nationality predominated over the others.
In 1974, Tito promulgated a constitution that granted the six republics—alongside the two provinces of Kosovo and Vojvodina—exceptionally extensive powers. These included:
The administration of their own internal affairs.
The right of veto.
Equal representation within the collective presidency.
At the time, Tito's aim was to reassure the diverse nationalities and to prevent the hegemony of Serbia, which represented the dominant force within the Federation.
Yet the constitution soon revealed its flaws, as it left the federal government considerably enfeebled. This weakness grew only more pronounced after Tito's death in 1980, for the Union now lacked a strong hand to preserve its cohesion. In the years that followed, a host of grave problems arose: mounting foreign debt, soaring inflation, rising unemployment, a deteriorating economy, and—most dangerously—an intensification of nationalist fervour. Each republic began to clamour for greater autonomy or outright secession.
In April 1987, Slobodan Milošević travelled to Kosovo, where he met with protesting Serbs. Albanian-led demonstrations had first erupted in 1981, initially calling for improved conditions, but these soon evolved into demands for Kosovo to be granted the status of a full republic within the Federation. This development deeply unsettled the Serb population within the province, for although Kosovo was legally subordinate to Serbia, the vast majority of its inhabitants were ethnic Albanians.
Milošević proceeded to revoke most of Kosovo's autonomy, placing it under direct Serbian control, and advocated for the reinforcement of Serbia's influence throughout the Federation, while simultaneously curtailing the autonomous status of both Kosovo and Vojvodina. Other republics—particularly Slovenia and Croatia—viewed these moves as a direct threat to their own standing within the Federation, and this perception soon spurred their own declarations of independence.
First: The Independence of Slovenia and Croatia
On 25 June 1991, Slovenia and Croatia proclaimed their independence. The Yugoslav People's Army, whose ranks were overwhelmingly composed of Serbs, intervened in Slovenia in an attempt to block the secession. A brief conflict, known as the Ten-Day War, ensued, but it ended swiftly with the army's withdrawal, owing to the paucity of the Serb population within Slovenia. Slovenia thus became the first republic to secede successfully.
Croatia, however, presented a far more complex case. It contained numerous regions with substantial Serb minorities, who refused to accept the declaration of independence. War consequently broke out between Croatian forces and the Serbs, the latter being supported by the Yugoslav army. The conflict dragged on for four years, concluding with Croatia reclaiming the greater part of its territory.
Second: The Independence of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia was the most ethnically heterogeneous of all the Yugoslav republics, containing a mosaic of different peoples:
The Bosniaks (Muslims).
The Serbs (Orthodox Christians).
The Croats (Catholic Christians).
Bosnia and Herzegovina declared independence in 1992. This proclamation, however, was met not with acquiescence but with fierce resistance. The Bosnian Serbs rejected it outright and proclaimed their own separate entity. The new state was recognised by the European Communities in April 1992, followed shortly thereafter by the United States, and it was admitted to the United Nations on 22 May 1992.
Nevertheless, the Serbs remained obstinate in their opposition. The Bosnian Serbs argued that the independence referendum did not represent them and therefore refused to participate. Even before the declaration of independence, they had already announced the establishment of the Republika Srpska, affirming that they would remain closely tied to Serbia. With the backing of the Yugoslav army, they succeeded in seizing large swathes of Bosnian territory.
In April 1992, the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina officially commenced. Fighting erupted among the Bosniaks (Muslims), the Bosnian Serbs, and the Croats. The conflict was marked by:
The Siege of Sarajevo, which lasted for nearly four years.
Widespread ethnic cleansing and mass displacement.
The Srebrenica massacre, in which more than 8,000 Bosniak men and boys were killed—an atrocity later classified by international tribunals as genocide.
The Srebrenica Massacre
On 11 July 1995, the forces of the Army of the Republika Srpska, commanded by General Ratko Mladić, entered the town of Srebrenica after a protracted siege. Thousands of civilians had gathered around the United Nations base in the village of Potočari, seeking protection, but the international contingent there was small in number and lightly armed, and proved unable to prevent the town's fall.
Once the Serb forces had taken control, the Bosniak men and boys—those aged roughly twelve and above—were systematically separated from the women and children. The women, children, and elderly were transported by bus to areas under the control of the Bosnian government.
The thousands of men and boys who had been separated were then taken to schools, warehouses, fields, and various other locations, where they were executed without mercy, shot in groups over the course of several days. The victims were buried in mass graves; later, many of the bodies were exhumed and moved to secondary burial sites in a concerted effort to conceal the evidence of the crime.
Subsequent international investigations, together with extensive exhumations and DNA analysis, established that more than 8,000 Bosniak men and boys had been killed and annihilated within the span of just a few days in July 1995. The identification of some victims continues to this day, owing to the dispersal of remains across multiple mass graves and the commingling of body parts.
Months after the massacre, the Dayton Agreement was signed, bringing an end to the Bosnian war. The Srebrenica massacre has since stood as a stark and terrible illustration of the consequences of ethnic hatred and nationalist extremism.
The cascade of independence declarations did not cease with Bosnia and Herzegovina. Further secessions followed:
Macedonia declared independence in 1991 (in the same year as Slovenia and Croatia).
The name "Yugoslavia" was formally abolished in 2003.
Montenegro gained independence in 2006.
The province of Kosovo declared independence in 2008.
Good evening everyone,
I am an Italian freelance journalist specializing in the Balkans and the Balkan wars of the early 1990s.For a project in collaboration with the Historical Museum of Sarajevo, I am seeking assistance—including here on Reddit—regarding a very sensitive matter. I am trying to identify the people in certain photographs and contact them (if still possible) or their family members.
I know this is a street in Grbavica, I would like to find his family.
I would like to ask for help with a few specific cases.
I am trying to locate the family of young Nermin Divović; I prefer not to post his photo here, as it is well known to us all.
In addition to that, I am trying to find out who these other people were. Can anyone help me?
I have plenty more photos to work on, but to avoid making too much of a mess, I’m only posting these for now.
Thank you very much.
As a Croat born in 1999, don't hate me for being uneducated on the US topic particularly.
I'm not comparing to USSR for a reason but rather The USA (another thing is that it doesn't work perfectly especially now) but here me out.
How couldn't we avoid the wars? Let's say we ditched the socialism (not a super capitalist fan either) but let's be honest, we share the race and language and cultures are very similar).
The USA is more divided than Croatia, Serbia and Bosnia now trust me. Liberals and conservatives hate each other's guts. These people are so different from each other and both far sides - far left and far right are lowkey psychos. Racism there has always been a thing and their multiculturalism is a lie except for certain cosmopolitan cities (and states). They apparently have a lot of financial inequality and everything is messed up.
How the hell the conservatives and liberals for example didn't split the country and no civil war has happened... yet? Not that I wish it on innocent people I wonder for real.
While our nations were as close as someone could dream. Not saying we should get together, I just wonder why we didn't turn like The USA or UK?
We still intermarry while let's say some white person is completely opposed to date a black person there.
Their differences are far bigger than our WAS or ever WILL be.
I used to believe in the American dream and how perfect life there was for them but nowadays I saw the reality and visiting for a long time I saw even more. It's a mess.
Even let's say Greater Yugoslavia happened and if willing, Bulgaria and Albania joined (the second one they don't mix but as I've said a lot of Americans don't mix either).
What were the reasons?
P.S. I meant The USA did NOT, I was just typing too fast
I know they're going to be 100% polyester but I want to know a website that atleast being 100% is good quality or if there's some of them that have some cotton. I found this profile on Instagram and they look good but I don't know if they're good or not. Thanksss
I hope this is okay to ask here.
I’m part of the Croatian diaspora. My dad was born in Dalmatia during WWII, my grandfather fought with the Partisans against fascism, and my dad emigrated in the 1970s. My mum is from a completely different minority ethnic background, so I grew up as the child of two diasporas in an Anglo-colonial country. As a result, I don’t always have a good sense of what’s happening in either of my parents’ homelands.
I know some of the history of Yugoslavia and the wars of the 1990s, but I’m much less familiar with contemporary Croatia. My dad still sees himself as Yugoslav, and despite never having experienced Yugoslavia myself, I’ve always felt a strong sense of yugonostalgia. Some of my earliest memories are listening to Srebrna Krila with my dad.
What worries me is what appears, from the outside, to be a growing visibility of far-right Croatian nationalism. Seeing references to ZDS around football, hearing about Thompson, and seeing the white-first checkerboard used by some supporters and diaspora soccer clubs leaves me unsure what I’m looking at. When I try to research these things, I find very conflicting explanations.
Unfortunately, Ustaša symbolism is sometimes visible in my country of birth, largely because most people here don’t know the history or recognise the references. I don’t want to unknowingly participate in or lend legitimacy to that sort of politics.
With the current World Cup I want to celebrate Croatia’s wins, but not if that means giving traction to fascist symbolism. I also support Bosnia and don’t see those loyalties as being mutually exclusive.
So my questions are:
Is the apparent rise in far-right sentiment in Croatia representative of society as a whole, or is it a relatively small but loud and highly visible minority?
How are symbols like the white-first šahovnica generally understood in Croatia today? Is it really just another version of the flag?
Should diaspora Croatians be cautious about certain clubs or organisations, particularly amateur football clubs, that use these symbols?
How do Croatians who oppose the rehabilitation fascism navigate all of this?
I’m asking in good faith because I’d rather hear nuanced answers from people familiar with the region than rely on Google or social media. Thank you in advance to anyone willing to share their insights. 🙏
As a Spanish person, and I'm very fan of Yugoslav Football Federation, and I really want to get a Yugoslav Football shirt, but I don't know where I can find a web where I can got this, I need some help, where I can find this? And do these webs international deliver? Greetings from Andalusia, Spain to my Yugoslav Mediterranean brothers 🖖🇪🇸❤️(🇷🇸🇭🇷🇧🇦🇲🇪🇸🇮🇽🇰🇲🇰)
Why we push about the idea of Yugoslavia, yeah, it was a great idea, that same speaking people live in one big country, but politicians, with the assistance of people of Yugoslavia, destroyed it. Serbs still like it and are mostly crazy about. I do not see Croats who like Yugoslavia, or they are a small minority. Also, Bosniaks do not like it, they like more Bosnia than any idea of Yugoslavia. . So why are Serbs so crazy? Yeah, great idea, but it is impossible forever.
Pozdrav 🌿
Kad bolje razmislim o serijama koje su prikazivane kasnih 80-ih i 90-ih, sve mi se čini da su određene interesne grupe finansirale serije koje su imale zadatak da široke narodne mase pripreme na određene političke događaje. Popularne serije nisu samo zabavljale ljude, nego su ih postepeno navikavale na političke i društvene promene koje će uslediti.
Primera radi, serija Bolji život je svojevremeno imala veliku gledanost i u nju je uložen ozbiljan novac. Međutim, kad malo bolje sagledam osnovu ove serije, stiče se utisak da je putem nje na vrlo perfidan način masa ,, podučavana" da socijalizam zapravo ništa ne valja i da su neophodne političke promene. Osnova serije je u najmanju ruku nerealna: gospođa iz buržuaske porodice se udaje za Gigu Moravca, čoveka iz naroda (u realnosti se to nikad ne događa jer ova vrsta žena naprosto prezire muškarce tog tipa). Zatim, najmanje pola serije se prikazuje raspad društvenih preduzeća, neradništvo, otaljavanje, direktori i neradnici i muljatori, zaludne sekretarice u mini suknjama, Taško Načić koji non stop ždere, iskompleksirane šefice koje uskaču u krevet direktorima, babe koje heklaju na radnom mestu, Giga Moravac večito kasni na posao zbog problema sa decom i nemogućnosti da otplati dugove...
Na prvi pogled, reklo bi se smešna i zabavna serija. Međutim, moj utisak je da je putem ove serije na perfidan način masa priprema na slom socijalizma koji, bar prema primerima iz serije, ,, ništa ne valja", da bi bez mnogo otpora prihvatili tranziciju i kapitalizam.
Naravno, medijska manipulacija se ne završava sa ovom serijom, koja je bar donekle bila zanimljiva. Sledi puno lošija serija Srećni ljudi, u kojoj se normalizuje opšte siromaštvo, gubitak posla, pretvaranje kriminalaca u poslovne ljude itd.
Ovu seriju nisam gledala, pa ne znam bliže da objasnim radnju. Nisam gledala ni druge porodične serije iz 90-ih i 2000-ih jer su mi bile užasno dosadne. Stekla sam utisak da su i naredne serije imale zadatak da normalizuju pretvaranje kriminalaca u poslovne ljude (u smislu ,,ha ha, pa šta ćemo, takva su vremena"), a uskoro se pojavljuju i serije koje imaju zadatak da normalizuju pojavu potpuno nesposobnih polupismenih direktora preduzeća, kao jedne sasvim normalne i uobičajene pojave (Šojić i ,,Bela lađa").
Šta vi mislite o tome?
I'm an Iranian (not the cuck kind) that will be going to Yugoslavia soon, mostly Bosnia (for a second time) but some Croatia, Montenegro, and maybe Serbia depending on the way the itinerary goes (more coast less inland, vs less coast more inland).
In any case, I've been taking Croatian audio lessons to speak with locals basic conversational/tourist stuff, like directions, and costs and so on.
But throughout the lessons, the language is referred to Hrvetski (sp?). I'm wondering if I should call it a different language in each respective country, or do I call it Yugoslav, or what?
I don't want to come off as offensive if I call it one thing that might not sit right with another audience. Maybe I'm overthinking it, maybe I'm thinking it the correct amount.
Thanks and God bless!
