The AI buildout needs $650B a year to break even. It makes $75B. Someone is paying the difference and it's us
All I wanted was to understand why my next MacBook is going to cost 20% more. Apple raising prices mid-year, with no new product, had never happened before. Their explanation fits in one sentence: component costs are rising too fast, we've been absorbing it, we can't anymore.
The culprit is memory. RAM is up 90 to 95% year over year according to TrendForce. Samsung, SK Hynix and Micron shifted their production to AI data centers because it pays way more, and everyone else is fighting over scraps. Sony raised the PS5 by 100 bucks in March, Nintendo followed with the Switch 2, Dell and HP same story. So before anyone even knows if these data centers will ever be profitable, the bill already landed on us.
The thing that really got me was a JP Morgan report. For the AI investments planned through 2030 to return even 10%, you'd need around 650 billion dollars in revenue per year. Per year, in perpetuity. Their own comparison: 35 dollars a month charged to every iPhone owner on the planet. We're nowhere near that. Meanwhile hyperscaler AI capex went from 33% of their operating cash flow in 2023 to roughly 93% this year. They're putting almost everything they earn back on the table.
The parallel everyone brings up is fiber optics in 2000, and honestly it holds. 500 billion invested because internet traffic was obviously going to explode. It did explode. Just not fast enough, most of the fiber laid was sitting unused underground in 2002, and the telecom crash wiped out something like 2 trillion in market value. The tech was the right one. The companies that built it died anyway.
Now I'm not playing doomsday prophet here. Nvidia actually makes money, which the telecoms back then did not, and current multiples are nothing like 1999. Nobody is betting on whether AI changes the world, that part is settled. The bet is on the price being paid to build it.
What bothers me more is the other scenario, the one where the bubble doesn't pop. To justify these valuations someone has to pay eventually, so token prices go up. And the nearly free AI we're all using right now, nothing says that lasts.