During the discovery process in a civil lawsuit, how can you be sure they're turning over everything unaltered?

During the discovery process in a civil lawsuit, how can you be sure they're turning over everything unaltered?

In criminal investigations, the police can generally request the data from social media companies or physically seize and search whatever evidence is relevant themselves.

But during discovery in a civil lawsuit, when you request the other party to produce evidence, how can you be sure that they'll comply in good faith and not hide/alter evidence? Let alone how there could be genuine disagreement/ambiguity regarding what's "relevant". One example: NFL player Tyreek Hill was once sued by an OnlyFans model for allegedly breaking her leg. At one point, his legal team demanded:

> The list of demands includes any photographs, videos, social media posts, reposts, comments and private messages – including any deleted messages – discussing either the incident or Hill. The same goes for any 'text message, iMessage, WhatsApp messages, Facebook messages, Instagram messages, X (Twitter) direct messages, emails, letters, instant messages, group messages or any other electronic communication, sent or received… between plaintiff and any relative (including her sister)… discussing or commenting on the incident or defendant at any time.'

Realistically, how do you ensure this is authentic? What stops her from just not turning over evidence Hill doesn't already know should exist, and thus there's "plausible deniability" (no smoking gun)? It seems the only way you could know for sure is if you subpoena and search literally all of their social media accounts and devices, which seems pretty invasive, and thus objectionable on the grounds of being overbroad.

E: To clarify, I understand attorneys would never risk their careers by knowingly allowing/encouraging clients to do this. I'm more wondering what stops the parties' from hiding evidence if they also don't reveal it to their attorneys.

u/ConceptsShining — 8 days ago

Mass killers who were famous (say they had a Wikipedia article) before they committed their crime?

What makes the case of Phillip Adams (7 killed including perp.) memorable to me is how, unlike the vast majority of mass killers, he was famous before his crime. He played in the NFL from 2010-2015. [This was the last revision of his article](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Phillip_Adams_(American_football\)&oldid=1003110348) before his crime, completely ordinary and unassuming for an NFL player.

What other examples can you think of? Killers who had a significant level of fame/notability prior to their crime? The barometer I like to use as a long-time Wikipedia user, is that they had a Wikipedia page prior.

u/ConceptsShining — 15 days ago

A New PS5 Jailbreak May Have Just Opened The Floodgates To Piracy | It works on PS5 systems running v26.05-13.60.00, which was released in late July; that means every game that was released before the 14.00.00 update, which dropped on Sep 16, could potentially be compromised by pirates.

Sony continuing to take Ls between this and the rapid progress on PS5 emulation lately. You love to see it.

kotaku.com
u/ConceptsShining — 16 days ago

21-year-old Pennsylvania man arrested for allegedly plotting ISIS-inspired mass shooting

A 21-year-old man is accused of receiving a firearm and ammunition in support of ISIS, according to the Justice Department.

Jonathan Hunter Kramer, 21, of Valencia, Pennsylvania, had allegedly been going by the name “Hamza Al Rashid” and allegedly claimed affiliation with ISIS, offered to share explosive manuals with others and expressed his intent to prepare for his “mission” and that he was just missing a “weapon,” according to the DOJ's federal criminal complaint.

Kramer had allegedly been on the FBI’s radar since 2023, when he was charged and adjudicated delinquent by Pennsylvania state authorities for an alleged role in a plot to commit a mass casualty incident and for allegedly possessing child sexual abuse material, according to the Justice Department.

A tipster recently contacted the FBI to share concerns about Kramer, according to the Justice Department, which outlined the alleged conduct in court papers unsealed Tuesday.

FBI agents saw Kramer on Sept. 12 get into a rideshare and take it to purchase a disposable phone to meet another individual with a long black bag, according to the DOJ. He then allegedly went to a hotel and paid cash for a room, according to the DOJ.

He then allegedly went to a sporting goods store and was spotted at the gun counter, where FBI agents met him outside in the parking lot, according to the court records.

They executed a search warrant and allegedly found, both on his person and in his hotel room, a semiautomatic rifle, five rifle magazines (two and the other three each offering a 30-round capacity), a rifle bipod and scope, a total of 190 rounds of rifle ammunition, an entrenchment tool, a prayer rug, pepper spray and approximately 30 knives, along with a handwritten note stating “DoNt look For me[.] IDK what I did buT I cant live In constant Fear[.].”

Attorney General Todd Blanche said that while Americans observed the 25th anniversary of 9/11, law enforcement was thwarting an attack.

“Their outstanding work thwarted this alleged attack before innocent lives could be lost,” Blanche said in a statement. “The Department of Justice will relentlessly pursue anyone who seeks to terrorize the American people and bring them to justice.”

FBI Director Kash Patel said the suspect was plotting “a violent attack in support of ISIS – engaging with ISIS propaganda online, building attack concepts, and repeatedly expressing extremist rhetoric – all while acquiring weapons believed to be in preparation of the attack."

abcnews.com
u/ConceptsShining — 1 month ago

Assuming no insiders, would the Nancy Guthrie Polymarket even be legal?

One of the more memorably fascinating stories about Polymarket to me is how they, earlier this year, had a prediction market on whether an arrest in the case of Nancy Guthrie (kidnapped on Feb 1) would've been made by the end of the month. The prediction market was archived by Polymarket before it would've closed, in what I'd presume is due to the negative media coverage and outrage that got them.

But I am really curious, what would likely happen if PolyMarket stuck to their guns and refused to take the bet down?

Insiders is the obvious case and you could definitely take action against them (as happened with the US soldier who was involved in the Maduro raid being arrested for allegedly profiting off Polymarket with his intel). But assuming there weren't any insiders, could the market have faced any legal consequences if it actually proceeded and indeed made payouts?

yahoo.com
u/ConceptsShining — 1 month ago
🔥 Hot ▲ 6.8k r/ActualPublicFreakouts+4 crossposts

Florida woman who fatally shot man during confrontation over parking space will not be charged

(Gunshot (censored) at 1:30. Bodycam video with audio starts at 5:30. Video is sourced from about the second half of the full video here, if you want to see more of the timeline.)

Story (source): On June 30 2026 in North Lauderdale, Florida, a woman fatally shot a man in the parking lot of a Walmart during what started as a confrontation over a parking space. Prosecutors announced this past Thursday, September 3rd, that she will not be facing charges. The Broward County State Attorney's Office said Florida's "stand your ground" law makes the shooter, who said she was acting in self-defense, immune from prosecution in connection with the shooting. Multiple witnesses reported the man shouting he was going to "mess her car up" and "---- her s--- up", and one described him as "visibly angry" while looking at her, according to the police memo.

After the shooting, she was briefly taken into custody by the Broward Sheriff's Office and her "recitation of the facts was consistent with the various sources of video evidence," the memo stated. She was released after stating she acted in self-defense, prosecutors said.

The woman, per police, "had the right to stand her ground if she was in reasonable fear of death or great bodily harm." Based on the evidence, the state is unable to prove that her fear of great bodily harm was "not reasonable," he wrote. Because Florida is a stand-your-ground state, she "did not have to wait to be attacked before resorting to deadly force. She did not have to retreat as long as her fear was reasonable and no evidence has been presented to disprove that."

u/ConceptsShining — 1 month ago

Multiple people shot, including 2 officers, in downtown Minneapolis

The City of Minneapolis confirmed a shooting injured two officers and multiple others in downtown Minneapolis on Wednesday evening.

There is a massive police presence in the area of 15 East Grant Street. People are being asked to avoid the area.

5 EYEWITNESS NEWS callers first reported the situation at around 4:50 p.m. near the area of Nicollet Avenue and East Grant Street, near multiple apartment buildings and the Minneapolis Convention Center.

Minneapolis police say they are working to determine what is going on, but don’t have any confirmed information at this time.

Multiple KSTP crews are en route, and we will update as needed.

This is a breaking news story. 5 EYEWITNESS NEWS will share updates as soon as more information is confirmed.

kstp.com
u/ConceptsShining — 1 month ago

The Lion King composer's $27m lawsuit against a comedian has backfired; the composer was ordered to pay the comedian $40k to cover his legal fees

Aba N Preach originally made two videos about this case. Glad to see this update, this was a stupid lawsuit. Man was also served on stage.

thetab.com
u/ConceptsShining — 1 month ago

Surreal few months to be an RGG and rap fan. We have Tupac's likeness coming in of all things a historical Japanese video game, and just today they convicted Keffe D of his murder.

Imagine being told this would happen a few years ago. It's a crazy twist if you're in the overlap of this Venn diagram of hip-hop and Yakuza.

Sometimes the truth is stranger than fiction, or in this case, Stranger than Heaven.

u/ConceptsShining — 1 month ago

Can cities be sued if they buy their homeless bus tickets to other cities/states?

Occasionally reported, and more often alleged, is this practice where municipalities, states, mental hospitals, social services etc. pay for homeless people to be relocated to another city/state (sometimes giving them a bit of money in addition to the transportation costs). AKA "greyhound therapy". Heavily criticized because it essentially "exports" the problem, hiding it and its costs for the sending city while straining the receiving city's services.

I am curious, suppose it could be proven (through a whistleblower, discovery etc.) that this was indeed happening as a deliberate policy choice. Not in a more proper way such as family reunification with some verification that the family member is real; but as a routine policy of "offer homeless people a bus ticket/taxi ride out of here [possibly giving them some money if they accept]". And there is no coordination with the receiving city or its shelters.

Could the receiving city have a cause of action against the sending one? (Assuming there was no deception or coercion and the homeless people accepted the offer voluntarily.) Freedom of movement is a constitutional right in the US so it seems tricky to me.

reddit.com
u/ConceptsShining — 1 month ago
▲ 28 r/Falcom

In your opinion/experience, what's the hardest main story boss in Trails?

On my mind as I was genuinely surprised at a newcomer friend beating Azure's final boss, Azure Demiourgos, on his first try (granted, he was on Normal, I played the game on Hard). Based on what I remember, I would say it's my answer. I think part of what makes it so tough is that it forces you to gameplan and strategize (so it is a fun change of pace in that sense), while mostly everything prior was mechanically straightforward, so you may not have been ready for a more adaptation-requiring fight.

What do you all think? Excluding side quest/optional bosses, and bosses where you are allowed to lose and continue (such as Arianrhod's second phase in Azure, or the last Lorence fight in FC).

u/ConceptsShining — 2 months ago
▲ 1.4k r/Games

Activision Just Ambushed A Notorious Call Of Duty Cheat Maker With Legal Papers At His House, And Filmed The Whole Thing | Their cheats have since been taken down

kotaku.com
u/ConceptsShining — 2 months ago

New details and troubling backgrounds for Austin Metcalf and Karmelo Anthony revealed in retrial hearing | Both kids had troubled backgrounds, Austin was spray-painting racist graffiti and accused of bullying and assault

Not saying this renders the jury's verdict right/wrong. But it is important context.

Curious how those of you who defended Austin's dad's racist outburst feel in light of this?

cbsnews.com
u/ConceptsShining — 2 months ago
▲ 442 r/JRPG

Trails in the Sky 2nd Chapter demo currently rolling out on Switch 1/2, PS5 and Steam!

Full game releasing Sep 17 2026!

Also confirmed that the demo will let you play to the end of Chapter 1, and carry over your save data to the full version of the game! (As of this post going up, demo is rolling out to Steam/Switch, but has been released on PS Store.)

PS5

Steam

Nintendo Switch

u/ConceptsShining — 2 months ago

EDP445 could be getting in legal trouble: the recent documentary has prompted his local District Attorney's office to re-examine the cupcake incident.

TL;DR - EDP445 was a successful YouTuber who, in April 2021, was exposed by amateur predator hunters trying to meet up with what he thought was a 13-year-old girl whom he had sent explicit photos of himself to. His YouTube channel and successful internet career were lost in the resulting backlash, although he avoided legal consequences at the time, never being charged for anything. Earlier this month, Mike Clum put out a documentary on EDP in which he was shockingly candid about his crimes. Now, his local DA's office in Bakersfield, California is re-examining the case.

Select quotes of news article:

>BAKERSFIELD, Calif. (KBAK/KBFX) — A new documentary about former internet personality Bryant Moreland, once known online as EDP445, has prompted the Kern County District Attorney’s Office to re-examine a Bakersfield sting operation from April 2021 in which Moreland believed he was communicating with a 13-year-old girl.

>Now, the recently released documentary, "The Sick Mind of EDP445," examines the rise and fall of Moreland, who grew up in Bakersfield. In one clip shown from the documentary, Hansen asks, “You were trying to have sex with a 13-year-old girl?” Moreland responds, “For the most part, yep.”

>Clum said he reached out to the Kern County Sheriff’s Office and the Kern County District Attorney’s Office, but neither agreed to appear in the documentary.

>The documentary also includes Moreland discussing sexual feelings toward minors, including a person he says was 15 years old in 2023. In the film, Moreland also discusses sending that person explicit photos and videos.

>The district attorney’s office said it is now reviewing the case again. In a statement, the office said: “We are re-examining the case in light of the statements made by the suspect in the documentary."

>The sheriff’s office said it is not currently investigating unless new information emerges. “We are aware of the documentary produced by Mike Clum about this case; however, at this time, we are not actively investigating the matter unless additional information becomes available,” the sheriff’s office said.

>The district attorney’s office previously said it requested more information on the case in January 2022, but that information was never resubmitted. The sheriff’s office later said investigators did not receive enough evidence or cooperation from those involved in the case.

>The Kern County District Attorney’s Office did not answer questions about whether the statute of limitations could affect any potential prosecution.

u/ConceptsShining — 2 months ago
▲ 398 r/Falcom

Trails in the Sky 2nd Chapter Won’t Use AI for Localization; GungHo Explains Why the "Human Touch" Remains Essential

Source.

In light of the Sky 1st legacy update (which, ICYMI, also improved the flavor of some lines beyond just purely being consistency fixes), I'm willing to give GungHo some grace on this. Some people suspected MTL for original Sky 1st but IIRC there was never proof.

Past couple of days GungHo really on a redemption arc.

u/ConceptsShining — 2 months ago